This is the compiler catalog: 1111 named shop parts mapping onto 1069 solids, with 4291 English and Chinese aliases. It is not a downloadable mesh dataset. Name a part, get one B-rep solid — or a clear refusal if the name is out of scope.
Prismatic blanks: plates, boxes, L-brackets, and hubless plate flanges.
flange · plate flange · raised face flange
法兰 · 法兰盘 · 平板法兰 · 板式法兰 · 法兰片
EN 1092-1 Type 01 PN16 plate flange when DN is given; otherwise a tunable disc prototype. No hub, no weld neck. A slip-on / pipe flange with a short hub is slip-on-flange. A weld-neck flange is weld-neck-flange; a blind flange is blind-flange; a threaded flange is threaded-flange; a lap-joint / loose flange is lap-joint-flange.
L-bracket · L bracket · angle bracket · shelf bracket · corner bracket · right-angle bracket · right angle bracket · angle iron bracket
角码 · 角铁 · 角钢支架 · L型支架 · 直角支架 · 层板支架
Single L extrusion; not an assembly. Structural angle iron uses the same base. A bulb angle / 球头角钢 is bulb_angle.
angle iron · equal angle · L-angle · angle section · angle bar · unequal-leg angle
角钢 · 等边角钢 · L型钢
Single L extrusion (same base as an L-bracket). Query 角钢 is this family; 不等边角钢 is unequal_angle. Not an assembly.
Try: An angle iron 40 mm wide, horizontal leg 50 mm, vertical leg 60 mm, 4 mm thick.
box · rectangular box · open box
盒子 · 方盒 · 矩形盒 · 开口盒
Rectangular prism; shell{wall} for an open box. An ISO container corner / 集装箱角件 is container_corner.
square bar · square stock · square rod · solid square bar
方钢 · 方棒 · 方棒料
Solid square prism (a box). Square tube is hollow rect_tube. An ISO container corner / 集装箱角件 is container_corner.
enclosure · electronics enclosure · project box · junction box
外壳 · 壳体 · 电器盒 · 电子外壳
Open-top box when walls are given. Not a multi-part enclosure kit. An ISO container corner / 集装箱角件 is container_corner.
housing · motor housing · gear housing
机壳 · 机箱 · 箱体 · 电机壳
Rectangular housing body. Bearing housings / pillow blocks are out of scope. An ISO container corner / 集装箱角件 is container_corner.
block · fixture block · rectangular block
方块 · 长方体 · 模块 · 垫块 · 夹具块
Solid rectangular block. Pockets and holes are features, not a hydraulic manifold. An ISO container corner / 集装箱角件 is container_corner.
cuboid · rectangular prism · rectangular solid · cube
直方体 · 立方体 · 矩形体
Rectangular prism. A cube is a box with equal sides. An ISO container corner / 集装箱角件 is container_corner.
instrument case · instrument box · meter case
仪器盒 · 仪表壳 · 仪表盒
Rectangular case body. Not a clamshell with a hinge. An ISO container corner / 集装箱角件 is container_corner.
plate · rectangular plate · flat plate · steel plate · blank plate · mill plate · nameplate
平板 · 板件 · 板材件 · 矩形板 · 钢板 · 热轧钢板 · 铭牌
Flat rectangular plate. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
wear plate · wear pad
耐磨板 · 耐磨垫板
Rectangular plate. No overlay cladding. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
mounting plate · mount plate · motor mount plate · sensor mount plate
安装板 · 固定板 · 安装底板 · 电机安装板
Plate used as a mount. Hole patterns are features. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
base plate · baseplate · foundation plate
底板 · 底座板 · 基座板 · 基础板
Thick plate used as a base. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
sheet · sheet metal plate · sheet panel · steel sheet
薄板 · 板材 · 金属薄板
Thin rectangular plate. Not a formed sheet-metal bend. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
lid · cover · flat lid · inspection cover
盖板 · 顶盖 · 盒盖 · 检查盖
Flat lid / cover plate. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
strip · bar strip · wear strip · slotted strip
长条板 · 板条 · 长条 · 耐磨条
Long narrow plate. Linear hole rows are features. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
tray · tray plate · pocket tray
托盘 · 料盘 · 托板
Plate, optionally with a pocket. Not a deep drawn tray. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
shim · spacer shim · adjustment shim
调整垫 · 间隙片 · 调整垫片 · 薄垫板
Thin rectangular shim. Round washers stay on the washer family (垫片). A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
panel · front panel · face plate · faceplate
面板 · 前面板 · 仪表板
Rectangular panel. Cutouts are holes, slots, or pockets. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
cover plate · closing plate · blanking plate
封板 · 覆盖板 · 封闭板
Plate used as a cover. Distinct from a round end cap. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
end plate · side plate · end wall plate
端板 · 侧板 · 封头板
Rectangular end / side plate. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
adapter plate · adaptor plate · interface plate
转接板 · 适配板 · 接口板
Plate with hole patterns used as an adapter. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
ventilation plate · vent plate · perforated plate
通风板 · 通气板 · 多孔板
Plate with a hole grid. Not a louvered grille. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
flat bar · rectangular bar · flat stock
扁钢 · 扁条 · 扁棒 · 扁钢条
Rectangular bar stock as a plate. Hex bar is hex_prism. Square bar is a box. A diamond plate / 花纹板 is diamond_plate.
diamond plate · checker plate · chequer plate · tread plate
花纹板 · 防滑板
Plate with raised diamond tread. Query 花纹板 is this family; 钢板 / steel plate / blank plate stay plate. Do not add bare 板.
punched screen · punched screen plate
冲孔筛板
Plate + hole grid in the BASE solid. Query 冲孔筛板 is this family; NEVER perforated plate / 钢板. Align holes so origin is solid.
bar grating · steel bar grating
钢格板
Bearing bars + cross rods, not a solid plate. Query 钢格板 is this family; 钢板 stays plate; 冲孔筛板 stays punched_screen.
gusset plate · triangular gusset
肋板
Right-triangle plate, optional bolt holes. Query 肋板 is this family; 角钢 stays l_bracket; 钢板 stays plate.
dished head · ellipsoidal head
椭圆封头
Ellipsoidal crown + straight flange. Query 椭圆封头 is this family; 对焊管帽 stays weld_cap; 管帽 stays pipe_cap; 盲板法兰 stays blind_flange. NEVER 管帽 / 盲板.
expanded mesh · expanded metal mesh
钢板网
Diamond openings in a sheet. Query 钢板网 is this family; NEVER perforated plate / 钢板; 花纹板 stays diamond_plate.
five-bar tread · five bar tread plate
五条花纹板
Five-bar raised tread, not diamond lozenges. Query 五条花纹板 is this family; NEVER 花纹板 as a short — that stays diamond_plate; NEVER 钢板.
tube sheet · heat-exchanger tube sheet
管板
Thick plate + triangular-pitch hole grid. Query 管板 is this family; NEVER perforated plate / 钢板.
torispherical head · torispherical tank head
碟形封头
Crown + knuckle torus + straight flange. Query 碟形封头 is this family; 椭圆封头 stays dished_head; NEVER 管帽/盲板; NEVER 碟形弹簧 — that stays disc_spring.
button plate
圆点防滑板
Shop44 true base. Query 圆点防滑板 / button plate is this family.
hemispherical head
半球封头
Shop44 true base. Query 半球封头 / hemispherical head is this family.
conical head
锥形封头
Shop44 true base. Query 锥形封头 / conical head is this family.
stair tread
楼梯踏步板
Shop44 true base. Query 楼梯踏步板 / stair tread is this family.
flat tank head
平板罐封头
Shop46 true base. Query 平板罐封头 / flat tank head is this family.
manhole cover
人孔盖
Shop46 true base. Query 人孔盖 / manhole cover is this family.
laminated shim
叠层垫片
Shop46 true base. Query 叠层垫片 / laminated shim is this family.
doubler plate
加强覆板
Shop46 true base. Query 加强覆板 / doubler plate is this family.
hardfaced wear plate · abrasion liner plate
耐磨衬板
Shop46 true base. Query 耐磨衬板 / hardfaced wear plate is this family. NEVER 钢板; wear plate shorts stay plate.
Try: A hardfaced wear plate 80 mm wide 80 mm deep 12 mm thick.
flanged-and-dished head
翻边碟形封头
Shop47 true base. Query 翻边碟形封头 / flanged-and-dished head is this family.
Try: A flanged-and-dished head 80 mm wide 80 mm deep 12 mm thick.
stiffener plate
加强肋板
Shop47 true base. Query 加强肋板 / stiffener plate is this family.
splice plate
拼接夹板
Shop47 true base. Query 拼接夹板 / splice plate is this family.
sole plate
机座垫板
Shop47 true base. Query 机座垫板 / sole plate is this family.
taper shim
斜垫片
Shop47 true base. Query 斜垫片 / taper shim is this family.
Cut-to-length shop sections: hex bar, RHS, channels, beams, DIN rail, strut, T-slot, dovetail.
hex bar · hexagonal bar · hex rod · hex stock · hex prism · hexagon bar · hexagonal rod · hexagon rod · hexagon stock · hexagonal stock
六角棒 · 六角棒料 · 六角柱 · 六方棒 · 六角棒材 · 六方棒料 · 六角钢
Regular hexagonal prism specified by across-flats (wrench size). Not a hex-head bolt. 方钉 stays cut_nail.
hex shaft · hexagonal shaft · hexagon shaft
六角轴 · 六方轴
Hex prism shaft specified by across-flats. Not a hex-head bolt.
hex key stock · hexagonal key stock · hexagon key stock
Straight hex bar stock. Not a bent Allen key.
u-channel · u channel · c-channel · c channel · steel channel · structural channel · channel iron · channel · U-profile · C-profile · rolled channel · PFC
槽钢 · U型槽 · U型钢 · C型钢 · 槽铝 · 槽型钢 · U槽 · 槽铁
U/C channel, uniform wall. Shop 40×20×3 is web × flange × wall. Cut length is height. I-beam / H-beam use i_beam. A sheet pile / 钢板桩 is sheet_pile. A C purlin / C型檩条 is not 槽钢 / C型钢. 槽钢 / C型钢 stay u_channel.
Try: A U-channel 40 mm high, 20 mm wide, 3 mm wall, 100 mm long.
I-beam · i beam · I section · i-section · universal beam · RSJ · rolled steel joist · steel I-beam · IPE · IPN
工字钢 · 工字梁 · 工字形钢 · 热轧工字钢
I-section, uniform wall. Shop 80×40×4 is web × flange × wall. Cut length is height. H-beam / wide flange uses the same shape. 平衡梁 stays spreader_beam; 起重机钢轨 stays crane_rail. 十字钢 stays cruciform_bar.
Try: An I-beam 80 mm high, 40 mm wide, 4 mm wall, 100 mm long.
H-beam · h beam · H section · h-section · wide flange beam · wide-flange beam · W-beam · universal column · HEA · HEB · HEM
H型钢 · 宽翼缘工字钢 · 宽翼缘钢 · 热轧H型钢 · 宽翼缘H钢
Wide-flange / H section. Same i_beam shape; flange ≈ web. Uniform wall, not a tapered AISC W.
Try: An H-beam 80 mm high, 80 mm wide, 5 mm wall, 100 mm long.
T-beam · T beam · T-bar · tee bar · T-section · tee section · T section · structural tee · split tee · tee beam
丁字钢 · T型钢 · T形钢 · 剖分T型钢
T-section / T-bar, uniform wall, one flange. Shop 80×40×4 is web × flange × wall. Cut length is height. Not a T-slot aluminum extrusion. Bulb flat / 球扁钢 is bulb_flat. A bulb tee / 球头T钢 is bulb_tee (T plus a bulb on the web tip). T型钢 stays this family. T槽铣刀 stays t_slot_cutter. 十字钢 stays cruciform_bar.
Try: A T-section 80 mm high, 40 mm wide, 4 mm wall, 100 mm long.
Z-beam · Z beam · Z-bar · Z bar · zee bar · Z-section · zee section · Z section · zed section · zed bar · Z-profile
乙字钢 · Z型钢 · Z形钢
Z-section / Z-bar, uniform wall, two offset flanges. Shop 80×40×4 is web × flange × wall. Cut length is height. Not a lipped Z-purlin, DIN hat rail, or Unistrut. Lipped Z-purlin / 卷边Z檩 is z_purlin. Z-beam / Z钢 stays z_beam.
Try: A Z-section 80 mm high, 40 mm wide, 4 mm wall, 100 mm long.
square tube · square pipe · square hollow section · SHS · box tube · square hollow bar · square steel tube · box section
方管 · 方钢管 · 方形管 · 方通 · 四方管 · 方通管
Square hollow section. outer_width = outer_depth. Shop size 20×20×2 is outside × outside × wall.
rectangular tube · rectangular pipe · rectangular hollow section · RHS · rect tube · rectangular hollow bar · rectangular steel tube
矩形管 · 矩形钢管 · 矩形空心管 · 扁通 · 扁通管 · 矩形空心型材
Rectangular hollow section. Shop size 40×20×2 is outer_width × outer_depth × wall.
Try: A rectangular tube 40 mm by 20 mm, 2 mm wall, 100 mm long.
DIN rail · hat rail · TH35 · TS35
DIN导轨 · 电气导轨 · 帽型导轨 · 卡轨
IEC 60715 hat rail. TH 35-7.5 is width 35 × hat 7.5 × wall 1. Cut length is height. Not a U-channel. 直线导轨 stays linear_rail.
Try: A DIN rail 35 mm wide, 7.5 mm high, 1 mm wall, 100 mm long.
unistrut · strut channel · slotted channel · lipped channel
C型滑槽 · 卷边槽钢 · 抗震支架槽
Lipped C / Unistrut. Shop 41×41×2.7 is width × depth × wall; lip is the inward return. Not a plain U-channel.
Try: A Unistrut 41 mm by 41 mm, 2.7 mm wall, 8 mm lip, 100 mm long.
t-slot · t slot extrusion · T-slot extrusion · aluminum extrusion · 2020 extrusion
铝型材 · 欧标型材 · 工业铝型材 · T型材
Square T-slot extrusion (2020-class). T-grooves on four sides. Not a T-section / T-bar. A V-slot / V槽铝型材 is v_slot. 铝型材 / 工业铝型材 / 欧标型材 stay t_slot. T槽铣刀 stays t_slot_cutter; 直线导轨 stays linear_rail.
hex tube · hexagonal tube · hex pipe
六角管 · 六角空心棒
Hexagonal OD with a round through bore. Not a solid hex prism, round tube, or hex nut.
dovetail bar · dovetail way
燕尾 · 燕尾条 · 燕尾导轨
Isosceles trapezoid bar. Not t_slot, t_beam, plate, or hex_prism. Bare 导轨 stays off this family. 直线导轨 stays linear_rail. 燕尾铣刀 stays dovetail_cutter. 支撑圆导轨 stays supported_round_rail.
American C channel · mill C section · tapered C channel · C mill section
美标C型钢 · 带内唇C钢
American C mill section: web + two flanges that thicken toward the web + short inward lips, opening one side. Not u_channel (uniform-thickness U), strut_channel (inward lips, no mill taper), or i_beam. Bare U-channel / 槽钢 / c-channel stay u_channel. Sigma purlin / 几字檩 is sigma_purlin. A C purlin / C型檩条 is c_purlin (uniform-thickness lipped C, no mill taper). 美标C型钢 stays c_channel.
Try: An American C channel 40 mm web 20 mm flange 3 mm wall 100 mm long.
hat channel · furring channel · hat section · American hat channel
帽型钢
American hat channel / furring channel: hat profile, uniform wall, cut length = height. Occupancy versus DIN rail (IEC 60715 TH35 hat rail / 帽型导轨 — probe a wide flange point that TH35 would miss), U-channel, C-channel (mill taper plus lips; catalog id c-channel-mill; bare c-channel/槽钢 stay u_channel), strut channel, and Z-beam. Do not steal DIN rail / hat rail / TH35 / 帽型导轨 / Unistrut / C channel / 槽钢 / American C channel. Omega channel / 欧米茄型钢 is omega_channel. 帽型钢 stays hat_channel.
Try: A hat channel 40 mm web 20 mm flange 3 mm wall 100 mm long.
slotted angle · Dexion angle · slotted L section
冲孔角钢 · 货架角钢
Dexion-style slotted angle: L section with a row of slots on both legs. Occupancy versus l_bracket / angle iron (solid L). Query 冲孔角钢 is this family; query 角钢 / angle iron stays l_bracket. Do not add angle iron / equal angle / 角钢 / 角铁 / 角码.
Try: A slotted angle 40 mm web 40 mm flange 2 mm wall 100 mm long.
omega channel · omega section · omega profile
欧米茄型钢 · Ω型钢
Omega / Ω section: hat-like crown plus outward flanges. Occupancy versus hat_channel (flat web). Query 帽型钢 stays hat_channel; DIN rail / 帽型导轨 stay din_rail.
Try: An omega channel 40 mm web 20 mm flange 2 mm wall 100 mm long.
Z-purlin · lipped Z purlin · zed purlin
卷边Z檩 · 卷边Z型钢
Lipped Z-purlin: Z plus inward lips. Occupancy versus z_beam (no lips). Query Z钢 / Z型钢 / Z-beam stays z_beam.
Try: A Z-purlin 80 mm web 40 mm flange 3 mm wall 100 mm long.
railroad rail · railway rail
钢轨 · 铁轨
Bulb head plus a thin web plus a wide foot. Occupancy versus i_beam (equal flanges) and din_rail (hat). Query 工字钢 stays i_beam; 帽型导轨 stays din_rail. Do not add bare rail. crane rail / 起重机钢轨 stay crane_rail. A railroad spike / 道钉 is railroad_spike.
Try: A railroad rail 50 mm web 40 mm flange 8 mm wall 100 mm long.
sigma purlin · sigma section
几字檩 · 几字型钢
Cold-formed sigma / 几-section: C-like with a web stiffening groove plus flange lips. Query 几字檩 is this family; 美标C型钢 stays c_channel; 槽钢 stays u_channel; 卷边Z檩 stays z_purlin. C purlin / C型檩条 is c_purlin (flat web, no 几-groove).
Try: A sigma purlin 80 mm web 40 mm flange 3 mm wall 100 mm long.
bulb flat · Holland profile · HP bulb flat
球扁钢 · 球头扁钢
Holland / HP bulb flat: a plate with a nearly-round bulb on one long edge. Query 球扁钢 is this family; T型钢 stays t_beam; 工字钢 stays i_beam; 钢轨 stays railroad_rail. A bulb angle / 球头角钢 is bulb_angle. A bulb tee / 球头T钢 is bulb_tee. 球扁钢 stays this family.
Try: A bulb flat 80 mm web 20 mm flange 8 mm wall 100 mm long.
sheet pile · U sheet pile · Larsen pile
钢板桩 · U型钢板桩
U trough with interlock hooks on both flange tips. Query 钢板桩 is this family; 槽钢 stays u_channel. Do not emit C-purlin. A C purlin / C型檩条 is c_purlin.
Try: A sheet pile 80 mm web 40 mm flange 8 mm wall 100 mm long.
bulb angle · bulb angle bar · HP angle
球头角钢 · 球扁角钢
L-section with a nearly-round bulb on the outstanding horizontal toe. Query 球头角钢 is this family; 角钢 stays l_bracket; 球扁钢 stays bulb_flat. A bulb tee / 球头T钢 is bulb_tee. 球头角钢 stays this family.
Try: A bulb angle 40 mm wide 50 mm horizontal 60 mm vertical 6 mm thick.
C purlin · lipped C purlin · cold-formed C
C型檩条 · 冷弯C檩
Cold-formed lipped C purlin: uniform thickness, no mill flange taper. Query C型檩条 / 冷弯C檩 is this family; C型钢 / 槽钢 stay u_channel; 美标C型钢 stays c_channel; 几字檩 stays sigma_purlin.
Try: A C purlin 80 mm web 40 mm flange 3 mm wall 100 mm long.
V-slot · V-slot extrusion · V-slot aluminum
V槽铝型材 · 欧标V槽型材
V-slot aluminum extrusion: square profile with V-grooves, not T-slots. Query V槽铝型材 is this family; 铝型材 / 工业铝型材 / 欧标型材 / T型材 stay t_slot; T型钢 stays t_beam.
oval tube · elliptical tube · oval hollow section
椭圆管 · 椭圆钢管
Elliptical hollow section. Query 椭圆管 is this family; 钢管 / 圆管 / 无缝管 stay tube; 方管 stays rect_tube. Do not remap 铝型材.
bulb tee · bulb T bar · tee bulb
球头T钢 · 球扁T型钢
T section whose web tip is a bulb. Query 球头T钢 is this family; T型钢 stays t_beam; 球扁钢 stays bulb_flat; 球头角钢 stays bulb_angle.
Try: A bulb tee 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
crane rail · QU rail · crane runway rail
起重机钢轨 · QU轨
QU crane rail with a squarer thicker head than a Vignoles rail. Query 起重机钢轨 / QU轨 is this family; 钢轨 stays railroad_rail; 工字钢 stays i_beam.
Try: A crane rail 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
linear rail · profile rail · linear guide rail
直线导轨
Rectangular profile rail with side raceways and no balls. Query 直线导轨 is this family; 铝型材 stays t_slot; 燕尾导轨 stays dovetail; 帽型导轨 stays din_rail. 支撑圆导轨 stays supported_round_rail.
Try: A linear rail 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
supported round rail · round shaft rail · supported linear shaft
支撑圆导轨 · 圆导轨
Round shaft fused to a continuous support. Query 支撑圆导轨 is this family; 直线导轨 stays linear_rail; 轴 stays cylinder; 燕尾导轨 stays dovetail.
Try: A supported round rail 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
cruciform bar · cruciform section · plus section bar
十字钢 · 十字型钢
Plus-shaped extrusion. Query 十字钢 is this family; 工字钢 stays i_beam; T型钢 stays t_beam; 万向节十字轴 stays uj_cross.
Try: A cruciform bar 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
half round bar · half-round bar · half round steel
半圆钢 · 半圆棒
D-section extrusion. Query 半圆钢 is this family; 轴 stays cylinder; 半圆头螺丝 stays round_head; 半圆环 stays d_ring; D型轴 stays d_shaft.
Try: A half round bar 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
diamond bar · rhombus bar
菱形棒
Rhombus extrusion. Query 菱形棒 is this family; 花纹板 stays diamond_plate; 十字钢 stays cruciform_bar; 六角棒 stays hex_prism.
octagon bar · octagonal bar
八角棒
Regular octagon prism. Query 八角棒 is this family; 六角棒 stays hex_prism.
quarter round bar · quarter-round mill bar
四分之一圆棒
90-degree sector. Query 四分之一圆棒 is this family; 半圆钢 stays half_round_bar.
Try: A quarter round bar 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
triangular tube · triangle tube
三角管
Equilateral outer + wall. Query 三角管 is this family; 方管 stays rect_tube; 六角管 stays hex_tube; 盒子 stays box.
corrugated sheet · corrugated panel
波纹板
Sine/trapezoid waves along width, extrude length. Query 波纹板 is this family; 花纹板 stays diamond_plate; 钢板桩 stays sheet_pile; 钢板 stays plate. MUST stay in sections.
rebar · deformed reinforcing bar
螺纹钢
Round bar + discrete crescent ribs, NOT ISO 60° helix. Query 螺纹钢 is this family; NEVER 螺杆 — that stays threaded_rod.
pentagon bar · pentagonal bar
五角棒
Regular pentagon prism. Query 五角棒 is this family; 六角棒 stays hex_prism.
pentagonal tube · pentagon tube
五角管
Equilateral pentagon outer + wall. Query 五角管 is this family; 方管 stays rect_tube.
castellated beam · castellated I-beam
蜂窝梁
I-section with hexagonal web openings. Query 蜂窝梁 is this family; 工字钢 stays i_beam.
Try: A castellated beam 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
unequal angle · unequal angle bar
不等边角钢 · 不等边角铁
L with unequal legs. Query 不等边角钢 is this family; NEVER 角钢 — that stays l_bracket; 球头角钢 stays bulb_angle.
Try: An unequal angle 80 mm web 40 mm flange 4 mm wall 100 mm long.
W-section beam
宽翼缘梁 · 宽翼缘H梁
Shop44 true base. Query 宽翼缘梁 / W-section beam is this family.
Try: A W-section beam 80 mm high, 80 mm wide, 5 mm wall, 100 mm long.
round-corner bar
圆角棒
Shop44 true base. Query 圆角棒 / round-corner bar is this family.
fishplate
钢轨夹板
Shop44 true base. Query 钢轨夹板 / fishplate is this family.
pandrol clip
弹条扣件
Shop44 true base. Query 弹条扣件 / pandrol clip is this family.
cable tray
电缆桥架
Shop44 true base. Query 电缆桥架 / cable tray is this family.
stabilizer bar
稳定杆
Shop44 true base. Query 稳定杆 / stabilizer bar is this family.
parallel-flange channel
平行翼缘槽钢
Shop46 true base. Query 平行翼缘槽钢 / parallel-flange channel is this family.
elliptical mill tube · true-ellipse mill tube
椭圆形空心型材
Shop46 true base. Query 椭圆形空心型材 / elliptical mill tube is this family.
finned tube
翅片管
Shop46 true base. Query 翅片管 / finned tube is this family.
H-pile
H型桩
Shop46 true base. Query H型桩 / H-pile is this family.
box girder
箱形梁
Shop46 true base. Query 箱形梁 / box girder is this family.
octagon tube
八角管
Shop47 true base. Query 八角管 / octagon tube is this family.
pipe pile
钢管桩
Shop47 true base. Query 钢管桩 / pipe pile is this family.
unequal mill tee · unequal-flange mill tee
不等翼缘T型钢
Shop47 true base. Query 不等翼缘T型钢 / unequal mill tee is this family.
double channel
双槽钢组合
Shop47 true base. Query 双槽钢组合 / double channel is this family.
triangular bar
三角棒
Shop47 true base. Query 三角棒 / triangular bar is this family.
Bolts, screws, nuts, standoffs, and threaded rod. External ISO thread is the solid; holes stay tap-drill.
threaded rod · all-thread · all thread · threaded stud · threaded bar · fully threaded stud · fully threaded rod · threaded rod stock
螺杆 · 丝杆 · 全牙螺杆 · 螺柱 · 全牙螺柱 · 牙棒
DIN 975: one machine-thread along the whole bar, square ends. The thread is the solid, not a cylinder with a decorative helix. Not a hanger bolt (wood thread + point) and not a set screw (hex socket, no ends). Bare rod / shaft stay cylinder. 滚珠丝杠 stays ball_screw.
hex standoff · hex post · hexagonal standoff · hex spacer · hexagonal spacer · hex stand-off · female hex standoff
六角隔柱 · 六角支柱 · 六角垫柱
Hex column with a tap-drill through hole. Height is the given length, not ISO 4032 nut height and not DIN 6334 2.5×d. Not a solid hex bar. Male / threaded standoffs map to hanger-bolt.
round standoff · cylindrical standoff · standoff · spacer post · mounting post · PCB standoff · board standoff
圆隔柱 · 隔柱 · 垫柱 · 支撑柱 · 隔离柱 · 电路板隔柱
Round column with a tap-drill through hole. Height is the given length. Not a solid cylinder spacer, not a hex standoff, not a tube, not a hex nut. Unthreaded spacer / 实心垫柱 stay cylinder; hex standoff stays hex_standoff.
bolt · hex bolt · hex cap screw · hex head bolt
螺栓 · 有头螺栓 · 六角螺栓
ISO 4017-style hex head + shank. Head AF/height from the shank diameter. Socket-head is socket-head; button / carriage stay out of scope.
nut · hex nut · hexagon nut
螺母 · 六角螺母
ISO 4032 hex nut: hex body + tap-drill through hole. No internal thread helix. A flange nut is flange-nut; a cap nut is cap-nut. Nyloc / lock nuts stay out of scope. A wing nut is wing-nut. KM / slotted round nut / 开槽圆螺母 is round_slotted_nut. 修丝螺母 stays die_nut. 梯形螺母 stays leadscrew_nut. A ball nut / 滚珠螺母 is ball_nut.
socket head cap screw · socket-head cap screw · socket head screw · SHCS
内六角螺丝 · 内六角螺栓
ISO 4762 SHCS: round cylindrical head + hex socket + shank + full-length external thread. Not a hex-head bolt and not a headless set screw. A confirmat screw / 确认螺丝 is confirmat_screw.
set screw · grub screw
止动螺丝 · 机米 · 紧定 · 无头螺丝
ISO 4026 headless set screw: cylinder + end hex socket + external thread. No protruding head. Not a socket-head cap screw. 尖端紧定螺丝 stays cone_point_set_screw. A cup-point set screw / 凹端紧定螺丝 is cup_point_set_screw.
U-bolt · u bolt
U型螺栓 · 骑马螺栓
Round bar bent into a U. Thread on both legs from the free ends. Not a U-channel and not a straight rod. A fence staple / 骑马钉 is fence_staple (pointed legs, no thread). 骑马螺栓 / U型螺栓 stay this family.
wing nut · wingnut · butterfly nut · fly nut · DIN 315
翼形螺母 · 蝶形螺母 · 羊角螺母
DIN 315 wing nut: disc hub + two protruding wings + tap-drill through hole. No internal thread helix. Not a hex nut and not a washer. Nyloc / lock nuts stay out of scope. A deck cleat / 系船羊角 is deck_cleat.
button head cap screw · button-head cap screw · button head screw · button head · ISO 7380
按钮头螺丝 · 按钮头内六角 · 薄头内六角
ISO 7380 button-head cap screw: short round head + hex socket + shank + full-length external thread. Head shorter than SHCS; not hexagonal. Not socket_head and not a carriage/round-head machine screw.
countersunk socket head cap screw · countersunk socket-head cap screw · countersunk head cap screw · countersunk socket head · flat head socket cap screw · flat-head socket cap screw · ISO 10642
沉头内六角 · 沉头内六角螺丝
ISO 10642 90° countersunk socket-head screw: cone + hex socket + shank + full-length external thread. Not SHCS, not button_head, and not a CSK hole on a plate. A countersunk rivet / 沉头铆钉 is countersunk_rivet.
carriage bolt · coach bolt · round head square neck bolt · DIN 603
马车螺栓 · 圆头方颈螺栓 · 半圆头方颈螺栓
DIN 603 carriage bolt: round head + square neck under the head + shank + external thread. Head is round, not hex. Not hex_bolt and not SHCS/button_head.
flange nut · flanged nut · hex flange nut · DIN 6923
法兰螺母 · 法兰面螺母 · 法兰螺帽
DIN 6923 flange nut: hex body + integral flange wider than AF + tap-drill through hole. No internal thread helix. Not a hex nut and not a washer. Nyloc / lock nuts stay out of scope.
cap nut · acorn nut · dome nut · DIN 1587
盖形螺母 · 盖母 · 帽形螺母
DIN 1587 cap / acorn nut: hex body + closed dome + blind tap-drill. The top is closed; the hole does not go through. Not hex_nut, not flange_nut, not a sphere. Nyloc / lock nuts stay out of scope.
pan head screw · pan-head screw · pan head machine screw · slotted pan head · slotted pan head screw · ISO 1580
盘头螺丝 · 盘头机螺丝 · 一字槽盘头 · 盘头
ISO 1580 slotted pan-head screw: round pan head + screwdriver slot + shank + full-length external thread. Head is round, not hex. Drive is a slot, not a hex socket. Not button_head, not SHCS, not a carriage bolt. Round-head / Phillips / Pozidriv machine screws stay out of scope. A one-way / clutch-head / 单向槽螺丝 is one_way_screw. 盘头 stays this family.
cheese head screw · cheese-head screw · cheese head machine screw · slotted cheese head · cylindrical head screw · ISO 1207 · DIN 84
圆柱头螺丝 · 圆柱头机螺丝 · 一字槽圆柱头
ISO 1207 / DIN 84 slotted cheese-head screw: short cylindrical head + screwdriver slot + shank + full-length external thread. Head is a cylinder, not a pan disk, not a hex, not a hemispherical round head. Drive is a slot, not a hex socket. Not pan_head, not round_head, not button_head, not SHCS. Phillips / Pozidriv stay out of scope. Fillister head / 中柱头螺丝 is fillister_head. cylindrical head screw / 圆柱头螺丝 stays cheese_head. Spanner-head / two-hole screw / 两点槽螺丝 is spanner_head.
slotted countersunk screw · slotted countersunk · slotted countersunk head · slotted flat head screw · ISO 2009
开槽沉头螺丝 · 一字槽沉头螺丝 · 开槽沉头机螺丝
ISO 2009 slotted countersunk screw: 90° cone + screwdriver slot + shank + full-length external thread. Head is a cone, not a cylinder. Drive is a slot, not a hex socket. Not countersunk_head, not pan_head, not cheese_head, not a CSK hole on a plate. Phillips countersunk stays out of scope.
round head screw · round head machine screw · slotted round head · slotted round head screw · ISO 2010 · DIN 86
半圆头螺丝 · 半圆头机螺丝 · 圆头螺丝 · 圆头机螺丝 · 一字槽半圆头
ISO 2010 / DIN 86 slotted round-head screw: hemispherical head + screwdriver slot + shank + full-length external thread. Head is a sphere-cap, not a pan disk, not a cheese cylinder, not a hex. Drive is a slot, not a hex socket. Not pan_head, not cheese_head, not button_head, not a carriage bolt. Phillips / Pozidriv / 半圆头十字槽 stay out of scope. 椭圆头螺丝 stays oval_head_screw. A half-round bar / 半圆钢 is half_round_bar.
shoulder screw · shoulder bolt · stripper bolt · ISO 7379
轴肩螺丝 · 轴肩螺栓 · 内六角轴肩螺丝
ISO 7379: cylindrical head + hex socket + plain shoulder + smaller thread. Shoulder diameter is larger than the thread. Not socket_head, not set_screw, not hex_bolt. Phillips shoulder screws stay out of scope.
eye bolt · eyebolt · lifting eye bolt · DIN 444 · ISO 3266
吊环螺栓 · 眼螺栓
DIN 444 / ISO 3266: closed ring eye + shank + external thread. The eye is a closed ring, not a U opening. Not u_bolt, not hex_bolt, not cotter_pin, not eye_nut. A pad eye / 垫板吊耳 is pad_eye. A lifting lug has no threaded shank.
eye nut · eyenut · lifting eye nut · DIN 582
吊环螺母
DIN 582: closed ring eye + nut body + tap-drill through hole. No shank. Not hex_nut, not wing_nut, not eye_bolt, not cap_nut.
coupling nut · long nut · extension nut · DIN 6334
加长连接螺母 · 连接螺母
DIN 6334 long coupling nut: hex column + tap-drill. Height about 2.5×d, taller than ISO 4032 hex_nut. Not hex_nut, not hex_prism, not flange_nut.
castle nut · castellated nut · slotted nut · DIN 935
开槽螺母 · 冠形螺母
DIN 935 castle / slotted nut: hex + open axial crown slots. Not hex_nut (no crown), not cap_nut (closed dome).
square nut · DIN 557
方螺母
DIN 557 square nut: square body + tap-drill. Not hex_nut, not a plate.
t-nut · t nut · tee nut
T型螺母
T-nut: T section that slides in a T-slot + central tap-drill. Not hex_nut, not t_slot extrusion, not square_nut.
knurled nut · DIN 466
滚花螺母
DIN 466 knurled round nut: knurled OD + tap-drill. Not hex_nut, not wing_nut, not thumb_screw.
thumb screw · knurled thumb screw · hand screw
手拧螺丝 · 滚花手拧螺丝
Knurled round-head thumb screw + shank thread. No slot or hex socket. Not cheese_head, not set_screw, not knurled_nut, not round_head.
lag screw · lag bolt · hex lag · hex lag screw · DIN 571
六角头木螺丝 · 六角木螺丝
DIN 571: hex head plus a gimlet point. Not a hex bolt (flat end), not a set screw. Phillips wood screws stay out of scope. A confirmat screw / 确认螺丝 is confirmat_screw.
j-bolt · j bolt · j-hook bolt
J形螺栓 · J螺栓
Open J hook plus one threaded leg. Not a U-bolt, eye bolt, or hex bolt.
t-bolt · t bolt · T-slot bolt
T型螺栓 · T形螺栓
Solid T head plus a threaded shank. Not a T-nut, hex bolt, carriage bolt, or T-slot extrusion.
wing screw · wing bolt · DIN 316
翼形螺丝 · 蝶形螺丝
DIN 316: two wings plus a threaded shank. Not a wing nut, not a thumb screw.
hanger bolt · hanger screw · double-ended screw · DIN 529
吊杆螺丝 · 双头牙螺丝
DIN 529: headless; machine thread one end, wood thread and a point the other. Not a set screw, hex bolt, or fully threaded rod. 双头钉 stays duplex_nail. 双头木牙螺丝 stays dowel_screw.
threaded insert · knurled insert · brass insert · heat-set insert
滚花螺纹嵌件 · 热熔嵌件
Short knurled cylinder plus tap-drill, height about 1×d. Not a knurled nut. Wire thread inserts / Heli-Coil stay out of scope. 键锁螺套 stays keensert.
weld nut · projection weld nut · DIN 929
焊接螺母
DIN 929: hex plus weld pips on the bottom face and a tap-drill. Not a hex nut, flange nut, or T-nut. A projection weld bolt / 凸焊螺栓 is weld_bolt. 焊接螺母 stays this family.
clip nut · U-nut · sheet metal nut
卡式螺母 · U形板螺母 · 板金螺母
U-shaped sheet clip with a tap-drill in one leg. Not a hex nut, U-channel, T-nut, or U-bolt.
barrel nut · cross dowel
横孔螺母 · 圆棒螺母
Short cylinder with a radial tap-drill (hole axis perpendicular to the cylinder). Not a plain cylinder, hex nut, shaft collar, or T-nut.
flange bolt · flanged bolt · hex flange bolt · DIN 6921
法兰面螺栓 · 法兰螺栓
DIN 6921: hex head + integral flange under the head + shank. Not hex_bolt, not flange_nut, not carriage_bolt.
double-end stud · double ended stud · stud bolt · DIN 938
双头螺柱
DIN 938: headless, machine thread both ends, plain middle. Not a hanger bolt, not a set screw, not a fully threaded rod. Bare stud / 螺柱 stay off this family. 双头钉 stays duplex_nail; 轮毂螺栓 stays wheel_stud.
weld stud · welding stud · ISO 13918
焊接螺柱
ISO 13918: flat weld end, no head, machine thread. Not hex_bolt, not a solid rivet, not a hanger bolt. Clinch stud / PEM stud / 压铆螺柱 is clinch_stud. 焊接螺柱 stays weld_stud. A projection weld bolt / 凸焊螺栓 is weld_bolt (head + square pips). 焊接螺柱 stays this family. 轮毂螺栓 stays wheel_stud.
jam nut · thin nut · locknut thin · ISO 4035 · DIN 439
薄螺母 · 薄六角螺母
ISO 4035 / DIN 439 thin hex nut, height ≈ 0.5×d. Not hex_nut, not coupling_nut. Lock nut / 锁紧螺母 stay out of scope.
rivet nut · rivnut · nutsert
拉铆螺母 · 铆螺母
Thin-wall barrel + one flange + tap-drill. Not a knurled insert, hex nut, clip nut, or T-nut. Pop / blind rivets stay out of scope.
square head bolt · square-head bolt · DIN 478
方头螺栓
DIN 478: square head + shank thread. Not hex_bolt, carriage_bolt, or square_nut.
slotted set screw · slotted grub · DIN 551
开槽紧定 · 一字槽紧定
DIN 551: headless + screwdriver slot, not a hex socket. Not set_screw, cheese_head, or pan_head. Bare set screw / 机米 / 紧定 stay set_screw. Phillips stays out. A cup-point set screw is cup_point_set_screw.
slotted wood screw · DIN 97
一字槽木螺丝 · 开槽木螺丝
DIN 97: CSK + slot + gimlet point. Not lag_screw, hanger_bolt, or slotted_countersunk. Bare wood screw / 木螺丝 stay off this family. Phillips wood screws stay out.
plow bolt · plough bolt · DIN 605
犁栓 · 犁头螺栓
DIN 605: 90° CSK + square neck + shank thread. Not carriage_bolt, countersunk_head, or slotted_countersunk. A projection weld bolt / 凸焊螺栓 is weld_bolt. A plow bolt stays this family.
male-female standoff · male female standoff · hex male female
阴阳隔柱 · 外螺纹隔柱
Hex + tap one end + male stud the other. Not hex_standoff, round_standoff, or stud. Hex standoff / 六角隔柱 stay hex_standoff.
elevator bolt · floor bolt · DIN 15237
电梯螺栓 · 大扁头方颈螺栓
Large thin disc (OD ≈ 3×d) + square neck + shank thread. Thread first, then union the disc. Not carriage_bolt (domed head), plow_bolt, flange_bolt, or hex_bolt. Bare carriage bolt / 马车螺栓 stay carriage_bolt.
screw eye · eye lag
羊眼圈 · 羊眼螺丝 · 木牙吊环
Closed torus eye + wood gimlet. No hex, no machine shank. Not eye_bolt, lag_screw, hanger_bolt, or eye_nut. Bare eye bolt / 吊环螺栓 stay eye_bolt. Do not put wood screw / 木螺丝 here. A screw hook / 开钩木螺丝 is screw_hook.
dog point set screw · dog point grub · ISO 4028 · DIN 915
圆柱端紧定 · 凸端机米
ISO 4028 / DIN 915: headless + hex socket + full thread + unthreaded cylindrical dog. Thread first, then keep the dog. Not set_screw (flat ISO 4026), slotted_set_screw, or shoulder_screw. Bare set screw / 机米 / 紧定 stay set_screw. Phillips stays out. 尖端紧定螺丝 stays cone_point_set_screw. A cup-point set screw is cup_point_set_screw.
self tapping screw · slotted self tapping · DIN 7981
自攻螺丝 · 开槽自攻
DIN 7981: slotted pan head + tapping point (machine-thread form, not a wood gimlet). Thread first, then union the head. Not pan_head, slotted_wood_screw, lag_screw, or cheese_head. Bare pan head / 盘头螺丝 stay pan_head. Bare wood screw / 木螺丝 stay off. Phillips self tapping / 十字槽自攻 stay headed-bolt OOS. A self-drilling / 钻尾螺丝 is self_drilling_screw; a trilobe / 三角自攻 is trilobe_screw. A roofing screw / 屋面螺丝 is roofing_screw. 自攻螺丝 stays this family.
banjo bolt · hollow bolt
中空螺栓 · Banjo螺栓 · Banjo螺丝
Hex head + shank thread + axial oil hole + radial side hole. Thread first, then union the head. Not hex_bolt, eye_bolt, pipe_plug, or grease_nipple. Bare hex bolt / 螺栓 stay hex_bolt.
L-anchor bolt · L foundation bolt · L-bolt
L形地脚 · L形锚栓 · L形地脚螺栓
Straight 90° L: one fully threaded leg + a short straight foot. Not j_bolt (J hook), u_bolt, or eye_bolt. Bare 地脚螺栓 stays off. Do not steal j_bolt.
flare nut · 37 degree flare nut · 45 degree flare nut · JIC flare nut
扩口螺母 · 喇叭口螺母
Hex + internal cone seat + through tap-drill. Not hex_nut (no cone), cap_nut (dome), coupling_nut (long hex), or jam_nut. No internal thread helix. A flare tee / 扩口三通 is flare_tee; a flare-nut wrench / 油管扳手 is flare_nut_wrench.
turnbuckle body · open turnbuckle frame · turnbuckle frame
花篮螺丝本体 · 花篮螺母体
Open rectangular frame, two coaxial tapped ends. Not coupling_nut (closed hex), barrel_nut, or threaded_rod. BODY only — not a turnbuckle assembly with two stubs + lock nuts. Turnbuckle hook / 花篮钩 is turnbuckle_hook. 闭式花篮体 stays pipe_turnbuckle.
hook bolt · open hook bolt · machine hook bolt
钩头螺栓 · 钩螺栓
Open hook + ISO machine-thread shank. Not j_bolt (J return), eye_bolt (closed torus), l_anchor (straight L), or screw_eye (wood point). Bare 眼螺栓 stays eye_bolt; bare J-bolt stays j_bolt. A ramshorn has a closed eye and no thread shank. A screw hook is screw_hook.
cage nut · sheet cage nut · welded cage nut
笼式螺母 · 卡笼螺母
Square sheet cage proud of a floating hex (one solid). Not clip_nut, weld_nut, t_nut, or square_nut. Bare nut / lock nut stay out of scope.
strut nut · Unistrut nut · strut channel nut · spring channel nut
槽钢弹簧螺母 · 轻钢龙骨螺母
Unistrut / strut-channel spring nut: square plate + sprung channel + tap. Not t_nut (wood/slot), square_nut, or clip_nut. Bare Unistrut stays strut_channel.
lug nut · wheel lug nut · wheel lug
锥座轮胎螺母 · 轮胎螺母
Hex + conical (taper) seat + through tap. Not hex_nut, flange_nut (flat flange), or cap_nut (dome). Not nyloc / lock nut (OOS). 轮毂螺栓 stays wheel_stud.
Acme rod · acme threaded rod · trapezoidal screw · trapezoidal rod
梯形螺杆 · 梯形丝杠
Trapezoidal / Acme power-screw solid (DIN 103 / ASME B1.5-style 29–30°). Square ends; the trapezoid IS the solid. Distinct from ISO 60° threaded_rod. Bare 螺杆 / threaded rod / all-thread stay threaded_rod. 滚珠丝杠 stays ball_screw. 梯形螺母 stays leadscrew_nut.
drop-in anchor · drop in anchor · internally threaded drop-in
落锤锚栓 · 内螺纹膨胀管
Internally threaded expansion sleeve: cylinder plus four axial slots plus internal tap-drill, NO hex head, NO external helix. Occupancy versus rivet nut, threaded insert, hex nut, and wedge anchor. Do not steal L-anchor / 地脚螺栓 / rivet nut. A wall plug / 塑料膨胀管 is wall_plug.
wedge anchor · wedge anchor bolt · through-bolt anchor
胀锚螺栓 · 楔形锚栓
Through-bolt as ONE solid: hex nut plus washer fused on a fully threaded rod plus a two-piece clip at the bottom. Occupancy versus hex bolt, threaded rod, L-anchor, and drop-in anchor. There is no existing concrete_anchor family. Do not use nyloc.
concrete screw · masonry screw · Tapcon
混凝土螺丝 · 自攻锚栓
Tapcon-style: hex washer head plus notched/high-low thread plus gimlet. Occupancy versus lag screw, self-tapping screw (slotted pan), and hex bolt. Do not steal lag screw / 六角头木螺丝 / self tapping screw / 自攻螺丝 / 木螺丝. Phillips self-tapping stays headed-bolt OOS. A self-drilling sheet TEK / 钻尾螺丝 is self_drilling_screw, not a Tapcon. 水泥钉 stays concrete_nail.
clinch nut · self-clinching nut · PEM nut
压铆螺母
PEM S-type: thin round head plus knurled/undercut shank plus BLIND tap. Occupancy versus rivet nut, weld nut, threaded insert, hex nut, and cage nut. Do not steal rivet nut / rivnut / 拉铆螺母 / weld nut / cage nut.
captive screw · panel screw · retaining panel screw
防脱落螺钉 · 面板螺钉
Panel screw: knurled or cylindrical head plus reduced-diameter captive shoulder plus shorter thread. Occupancy versus shoulder screw (ISO 7379 socket cap plus THICK shoulder — probe socket and thick shoulder), thumb screw, and pan head. Do not steal shoulder screw / thumb screw.
toggle bolt · spring toggle · butterfly toggle · toggle anchor
蝴蝶膨胀螺栓 · 空心墙锚栓
Spring-wing toggle as one solid: machine screw plus two deployed wings. Occupancy versus carriage_bolt (no wings) and wedge_anchor (bottom clip, no butterfly wings). Do not steal wedge anchor / drop-in / L-anchor. A wall plug is a ribbed plastic sleeve; 空心墙锚栓 stays toggle_bolt.
drive screw · Type U screw · hammer drive screw
打入螺钉 · 圆头打入钉
Type U hammer-drive screw: round head, helical knurl on the shank, no slot, no ISO 60° helix. Occupancy versus self_tapping_screw (slot + sheet-metal thread) and round_head (slot + machine helix). Do not steal self tapping screw / 自攻螺丝 / round head. Phillips stays headed-bolt OOS. A drive rivet / 击芯铆钉 is drive_rivet. A ring-shank nail / 环纹钉 is ring_shank_nail. 打入螺钉 stays this family.
clinch standoff · PEM standoff · self-clinching standoff
压铆隔离柱 · 压铆支撑柱
PEM SO-type self-clinching standoff: thin round clinch head plus a tapped barrel. Occupancy versus hex_standoff (hex OD), round_standoff (no clinch head), and clinch_nut (short nut). Do not add standoff / 隔离柱 / 隔柱 / 压铆螺母.
Chicago screw · sex bolt · barrel screw · binder post
对锁螺丝 · 子母螺丝
Female Chicago screw: slotted flange head, cylindrical barrel, axial tap-drill, no radial cross hole. Occupancy versus barrel_nut (radial hole). Do not steal barrel nut / 横孔螺母. Bare nut stays hex_nut.
sleeve anchor · expansion sleeve anchor · sleeve anchor bolt
套管锚栓 · 套筒膨胀锚栓
Through-bolt sleeve anchor: hex head plus a segmented expansion sleeve around the shank. Occupancy versus wedge_anchor (clip at the bottom only). Do not steal wedge anchor / 胀锚螺栓 / drop-in. Not nyloc.
truss head screw · truss-head machine screw · oval truss head
扁圆头螺丝 · 扁圆头机螺丝
Truss-head slotted screw: extra-wide low head, wider than pan_head. Occupancy versus pan_head (narrower head). Query 盘头 stays pan_head. Phillips stays out. Do not steal cheese_head. 椭圆头螺丝 stays oval_head_screw. A clout nail / 油毡钉 is clout_nail.
pin hex screw · pin-in-hex security screw · hex pin screw
内六角带柱螺丝 · 带柱内六角螺丝
SHCS-style head with a security pin in the hex socket. Occupancy versus socket_head (empty socket). Query 内六角螺丝 stays socket_head. Do not add Torx / 梅花. A one-way / clutch-head / 单向槽螺丝 is one_way_screw. A pin-hex screw stays this family.
Molly anchor · Molly bolt · hollow wall expansion anchor
莫莉锚栓 · 空心墙膨胀锚栓
Hollow-wall Molly: screw plus four splayed straps. Occupancy versus toggle_bolt (two wings). Query 空心墙锚栓 stays toggle_bolt. Do not steal sleeve_anchor. A wall plug is a ribbed plastic sleeve, no metal wings.
nail anchor · hammer drive anchor · nail-in anchor
敲击式锚栓 · 击芯锚栓
Split expansion sleeve plus a driven nail. Occupancy versus drive_screw (no sleeve) and drop_in_anchor. Query 打入螺钉 stays drive_screw. Occupancy probes at 45° to the slots. A ring-shank nail / 环纹钉 is ring_shank_nail. 敲击式锚栓 stays this family.
SEMS screw · screw with captive washer · pre-assembled washer screw
带垫螺钉 · 组合螺丝
Pan head plus a captive washer fused under the head. Occupancy versus pan_head (no washer). Query 盘头 stays pan_head. Do not steal wave_washer. A roofing screw / 屋面螺丝 is roofing_screw (EPDM under a hex washer). 带垫螺钉 / 组合螺丝 stay this family.
fillister head screw · fillister-head machine screw · raised cheese head
中柱头螺丝 · 中柱头机螺丝
Tall slotted cylindrical head, taller than cheese_head. Occupancy versus cheese_head (shorter head — probe off-slot near the crown). Query 圆柱头螺丝 stays cheese_head. Do not steal cylindrical head screw. Phillips stays out.
lag shield · lag screw shield · lead shield anchor
膨胀盾 · 木螺丝膨胀盾
Split expansion shield with a mouth flange. Occupancy versus sleeve_anchor (has a hex bolt) and drop_in_anchor. Query 套管锚栓 stays sleeve_anchor; 落锤锚栓 stays drop_in_anchor.
clinch stud · PEM stud · self-clinching stud
压铆螺柱 · 压铆螺钉柱
PEM stud: thin head plus undercut plus knurl plus threaded shank. Occupancy versus weld_stud (flat weld end, no undercut) and clinch_standoff (tapped barrel). Query 焊接螺柱 stays weld_stud; 压铆螺母 stays clinch_nut; 隔离柱 stays round_standoff.
track bolt · fishbolt · rail joint bolt
轨道螺栓 · 鱼尾螺栓
Heavy hex plus an oval neck plus shank. Occupancy versus carriage_bolt (round head + square neck) and plow_bolt. Query 马车螺栓 stays carriage_bolt. Do not steal 钢轨.
Keps nut · K-nut · washer nut
带齿垫螺母 · 外齿垫圈螺母
Hex nut fused to a toothed washer. Occupancy versus flange_nut (smooth flange). Query 法兰螺母 stays flange_nut. Do NOT name this lock nut / 锁紧螺母 — those stay nut OOS. Do not steal 外齿垫圈 (toothed_washer).
spanner head screw · two-hole screw · snake-eye screw · drilled-spanner screw
两点槽螺丝 · 两点防盗螺丝
Cylindrical head with two round drive holes plus a shank. Query 两点槽螺丝 is this family; 圆柱头螺丝 stays cheese_head. No Torx / 梅花. A one-way / clutch-head / 单向槽螺丝 is one_way_screw. 两点槽螺丝 stays this family.
well nut · Well-Nut · rubber well nut
橡胶井螺母 · 井形膨胀螺母
Flanged elastomer sleeve plus a bonded nut insert at the far end. Query 橡胶井螺母 is this family; 空心墙锚栓 stays toggle_bolt; 压铆螺母 stays clinch_nut. Not a lock nut. A wall plug is a ribbed plastic sleeve; 橡胶井螺母 stays well_nut. A silentbloc / 橡胶减振套 is silent_bloc. 橡胶井螺母 stays this family.
lockbolt · Huck bolt · swaged lockbolt · grooved lockbolt
环槽铆钉 · 哈克钉
Swaged lockbolt: pin with a breakneck, annular lock grooves, and a fused collar. Query 环槽铆钉 is this family; 铆钉 stays solid_rivet; 抽芯铆钉 stays out of scope. NEVER lock nut / 锁紧螺母. A drive rivet / 击芯铆钉 is drive_rivet.
KM nut · slotted round nut · bearing round nut · DIN 981 nut
开槽圆螺母 · 轴承圆螺母
DIN 981 KM-style round nut with radial rim slots and a tap-drill through. Query 开槽圆螺母 is this family; 螺母 stays hex_nut; 开槽螺母 stays castle_nut. NEVER lock nut / 锁紧螺母.
shear bolt · breakaway bolt · shear-neck bolt
剪切螺栓 · 断颈螺栓
Hex head plus a reduced breakneck groove in the shank. Query 剪切螺栓 is this family; 剪切销 stays shear_pin; 有头螺栓 stays hex_bolt.
confirmat screw · confirmat · Euro screw
确认螺丝 · 家具确认螺丝
Cylindrical hex-socket head, unthreaded neck, coarse wood thread and a point. Query 确认螺丝 is this family; 内六角螺丝 stays socket_head; 六角头木螺丝 stays lag_screw. No Torx.
clevis bolt · clevis screw · round head clevis bolt
活节螺栓 · 圆头活节螺栓
Round head plus a mostly-plain shank and a short thread; no cotter hole. Query 活节螺栓 is this family; 销轴 stays clevis_pin; 六角螺栓 stays hex_bolt.
countersunk rivet · CSK rivet · flush rivet
沉头铆钉 · 埋头铆钉
90° countersunk head on a smooth unthreaded shank. Query 沉头铆钉 is this family; 铆钉 stays solid_rivet; 沉头内六角 stays countersunk_head.
coiled spring pin · spiral pin · ISO 8750 pin
螺旋弹性销 · 卷制弹性销
ISO 8750 spiral-wound tube with overlapping turns and no through slot. Query 螺旋弹性销 is this family; 弹性销 / 弹簧销 stay roll_pin.
drive rivet · hammer drive rivet · expansion rivet
击芯铆钉 · 击芯膨胀铆钉
Shallow round head plus annular expansion ridges on the shank. Query 击芯铆钉 is this family; 铆钉 stays solid_rivet; 打入螺钉 stays drive_screw; 环槽铆钉 stays lockbolt.
tubular rivet · semi-tubular rivet · hollow rivet
半空心铆钉 · 半管状铆钉
Semi-tubular rivet: round head plus a shank hollow from the tail. Query 半空心铆钉 is this family; 铆钉 stays solid_rivet; 沉头铆钉 stays countersunk_rivet; 抽芯铆钉 stays out of scope.
split rivet · bifurcated rivet
开脚铆钉 · 分叉铆钉
Bifurcated rivet: round head plus a shank split into two legs. Query 开脚铆钉 is this family; 铆钉 stays solid_rivet; 开口销 stays cotter_pin.
self drilling screw · TEK screw · self-drilling hex washer
钻尾螺丝 · 六角钻尾螺丝
TEK self-drilling: hex washer head plus a drill-point flute plus a sheet thread. No Phillips / Torx. Query 钻尾螺丝 is this family; 自攻螺丝 stays self_tapping_screw; 自攻锚栓 stays concrete_screw; 打入螺钉 stays drive_screw. A roofing screw / 屋面螺丝 is roofing_screw (hex washer + EPDM torus). 钻尾螺丝 stays this family.
trilobe screw · thread-forming screw · Plastite screw
三角自攻 · 挤牙螺丝
Thread-forming trilobe: hex washer head plus a rounded-triangle shank. No Phillips / Torx. Query 三角自攻 is this family; 自攻螺丝 stays self_tapping_screw; 确认螺丝 stays confirmat_screw.
wall plug · rawlplug · nylon wall plug
塑料膨胀管 · 尼龙胀管
Ribbed plastic expansion plug: fins, nearly-closed nose, no metal wings. Query 塑料膨胀管 is this family; 内螺纹膨胀管 stays drop_in_anchor; 空心墙锚栓 stays toggle_bolt; 橡胶井螺母 stays well_nut.
roofing screw · hex washer roofing screw · bonded washer roofing screw
屋面螺丝 · 彩钢瓦螺丝
Hex-washer roofing screw plus an EPDM torus, gimlet point, no drill flute. Query 屋面螺丝 / 彩钢瓦螺丝 is this family; 钻尾螺丝 stays self_drilling_screw; 自攻螺丝 stays self_tapping_screw; 带垫螺钉 / 组合螺丝 stay sems_screw. No Phillips / Torx / 梅花. 瓦楞钉 stays roofing_nail.
weld bolt · projection weld bolt · resistance weld bolt
凸焊螺栓 · 电阻凸焊螺栓
Projection weld bolt: round head plus square weld pips under the head plus a short thread. Query 凸焊螺栓 is this family; 焊接螺柱 stays weld_stud; 焊接螺母 stays weld_nut. Do not use 焊接螺栓 (ties 焊接螺柱).
ring shank nail · annular ring nail · ring-shank nail
环纹钉 · 环形纹钉
Ring-shank nail: head plus annular rings plus a diamond point. Query 环纹钉 is this family; 敲击式锚栓 stays nail_anchor; 打入螺钉 stays drive_screw; 环槽铆钉 stays lockbolt. Do not add 麻花钉. 方钉 stays cut_nail. 瓦楞钉 stays roofing_nail. A finishing nail is finishing_nail.
fence staple · fencing staple · U-nail
骑马钉 · 篱笆钉
U-nail: two pointed legs plus a crown, no thread. Query 骑马钉 is this family; 骑马螺栓 / U型螺栓 stay u_bolt.
one-way screw · clutch head screw · one way slotted screw
单向槽螺丝 · 单向螺丝
Clutch / one-way slotted screw: asymmetric ramp in the slot. Query 单向槽螺丝 is this family; 盘头 stays pan_head; 两点槽螺丝 stays spanner_head; 内六角螺丝 stays socket_head; 梅花槽螺丝 stays headed-bolt OOS. No Phillips / Torx / 梅花.
duplex nail · double-head nail · scaffold nail
双头钉
Two stacked heads plus a diamond point. Query 双头钉 is this family; 双头螺柱 stays stud; 双头宝塔 stays hose_mender; 双头牙螺丝 stays hanger_bolt. A finishing nail is finishing_nail.
cut nail · square nail · cut-steel nail
方钉 · 切钉
Rectangular tapering shank plus a rectangular head. Query 方钉 / 切钉 is this family; 方钢 stays hex_prism; 环纹钉 stays ring_shank_nail. A railroad spike / 道钉 is railroad_spike; a finishing nail is finishing_nail.
ball lock pin · ball-lock pin · quick-release pin · detent pin
快卸销 · 球头锁销
Shank plus detent-ball bosses plus a pull ring. Query 快卸销 / 球头锁销 is this family; 销轴 stays clevis_pin; 弹簧柱塞 stays ball_plunger. NEVER 轴承.
keensert · keysert · keyed insert · key-locking insert
键锁螺套
Tapped sleeve plus four external keys. Query 键锁螺套 is this family; 螺纹镶件 stays threaded_insert. NEVER helicoil / 钢丝螺套.
wheel stud · hub stud · lug stud · wheel bolt stud
轮毂螺栓 · 轮胎螺栓
Knurled press-fit shoulder plus machine thread. Query 轮毂螺栓 / 轮胎螺栓 is this family; 双头螺柱 stays stud; 焊接螺柱 stays weld_stud; 轮毂 stays hub; 轮胎螺母 stays lug_nut. NEVER 锁紧螺母.
roofing nail · umbrella nail · umbrella head nail
瓦楞钉 · 伞钉 · 伞形钉
Umbrella head, smooth shank, diamond point. Query 瓦楞钉 is this family; 屋面螺丝 / 彩钢瓦螺丝 stay roofing_screw; 环纹钉 stays ring_shank_nail. A finishing nail / 无头钉 is finishing_nail; a clout nail / 油毡钉 is clout_nail.
concrete nail · masonry nail · hardened masonry nail
水泥钉
Hardened nail, four flutes, no thread. Query 水泥钉 is this family; 混凝土螺丝 stays concrete_screw. A finishing nail is finishing_nail.
dowel screw · double ended wood screw · wood dowel screw
双头木牙螺丝 · 双头木螺丝
Wood thread both ends, no machine thread. Query 双头木牙螺丝 is this family; 双头牙螺丝 stays hanger_bolt; 双头螺柱 stays stud; 双头钉 stays duplex_nail.
cone point set screw · ISO 4027 · cone point grub screw
尖端紧定螺丝 · 锥端紧定螺丝
ISO 4027 cone tip plus hex socket. Query 尖端紧定螺丝 is this family; 紧定 / 机米 stay set_screw; 圆柱端紧定 stays dog_point_set_screw. A cup-point set screw is cup_point_set_screw.
oval head screw · raised countersunk screw · DIN 964
椭圆头螺丝
Slotted raised-countersunk head, DIN 964. Query 椭圆头螺丝 is this family; 扁圆头螺丝 stays truss_head; 圆头螺丝 stays round_head.
cup point set screw · ISO 4029 · cup point grub
凹端紧定螺丝 · 杯端紧定螺丝
Hex socket plus a cup recess in the tip. Query 凹端紧定螺丝 is this family; 紧定 / 机米 / 无头螺丝 stay set_screw; 尖端紧定 stays cone_point_set_screw; 圆柱端紧定 stays dog_point_set_screw; 开槽紧定 stays slotted_set_screw.
finishing nail · brad · brad nail
无头钉 · 装修钉
Tiny flat/brad head plus a smooth shank plus a diamond point. Query 无头钉 is this family; 瓦楞钉 stays roofing_nail; 水泥钉 stays concrete_nail; 环纹钉 stays ring_shank_nail; 方钉 stays cut_nail; 双头钉 stays duplex_nail. Do not add 钢钉 or 无头螺丝.
screw hook · open screw hook · wood screw hook
开钩木螺丝 · 钩形木螺丝
Open J hook plus a wood gimlet, no machine thread. Query 开钩木螺丝 is this family; 羊眼螺丝 / 羊眼圈 stay screw_eye; 钩头螺栓 stays hook_bolt; 羊角钩 stays ramshorn_hook. Do not add cup hook or bare 吊钩.
railroad spike · cut spike · rail spike
道钉 · 铁路道钉
Offset wedge head plus a rectangular shank plus a chisel point. Query 道钉 is this family; 方钉 / 切钉 stay cut_nail; 钢轨 stays railroad_rail. Do not add 钢钉.
clout nail · felt nail · clout head nail
油毡钉 · 大扁头钉
Large thin round head plus a short smooth shank. Query 油毡钉 is this family; 瓦楞钉 / umbrella nail stay roofing_nail; 扁圆头螺丝 stays truss_head. Do not add 钢钉.
oval point set screw · oval point grub
椭圆端紧定
Headless + full thread + elliptical tip. Query 椭圆端紧定 is this family; 紧定 / 机米 stay set_screw; 凹端紧定 stays cup_point_set_screw; 尖端紧定 stays cone_point_set_screw; 圆柱端紧定 stays dog_point_set_screw.
square head set screw · square-head grub
方头紧定
Square head + full thread, no unthreaded shank. Query 方头紧定 is this family; 方头螺栓 stays square_head_bolt; 紧定 / 机米 stay set_screw.
low-head socket cap screw · low head SHCS
矮圆柱头内六角
Cylindrical head ~0.4D. Query 矮圆柱头内六角 is this family; 内六角螺丝 stays socket_head; 薄头内六角 stays button_head. NEVER 薄头内六角.
Try: A low-head socket cap screw 8 mm diameter and 20 mm long.
twelve-point bolt · 12-point bolt · twelve point flange bolt
十二角螺栓
12-point head + optional thin flange + shank + partial thread. Query 十二角螺栓 is this family; 六角螺栓 stays hex_bolt; 法兰面螺栓 stays flange_bolt.
washer head screw · washer-head slotted screw
垫圈头螺丝
Pan + integral washer ~2.2D, slotted drive only. Query 垫圈头螺丝 is this family; 盘头螺丝 stays pan_head; 带垫螺钉 stays sems_screw; 扁圆头螺丝 stays truss_head; 屋面螺丝 stays roofing_screw. No Phillips/Torx.
foundation bolt · rag bolt
地脚螺栓
Hex head + long shank upper thread + 90 L foot. Query 地脚螺栓 is this family; J形螺栓 stays j_bolt; L形地脚 stays l_anchor; 钩头螺栓 stays hook_bolt.
chemical anchor · chemical anchor bolt · mesh sleeve anchor
化学锚栓
Threaded stud + mesh sleeve (annular ribs, not helicoil wire). Query 化学锚栓 is this family; 胀锚螺栓 stays wedge_anchor; 套管锚栓 stays sleeve_anchor; 落锤锚栓 stays drop_in_anchor; 塑料膨胀管 stays wall_plug. NEVER helicoil.
eye lag screw · lag eye screw
木螺丝吊环
Closed eye + shoulder + wood thread point. Query 木螺丝吊环 is this family; 羊眼螺丝 / 羊眼圈 stay screw_eye; 开钩木螺丝 stays screw_hook; 六角头木螺丝 stays lag_screw. NEVER 羊眼螺丝. NEVER bare 吊钩.
deck screw · Robertson deck screw
地板螺丝
Bugle head + Robertson square drive + coarse thread + point. Query 地板螺丝 is this family; 自攻螺丝 stays self_tapping_screw; 钻尾螺丝 stays self_drilling_screw; 确认螺丝 stays confirmat_screw; 六角头木螺丝 stays lag_screw. No Phillips/Torx.
hex washer head screw · hex washer-head machine screw
六角垫圈头机牙
Hex+integral washer, machine thread, no drill point, no EPDM. Query 六角垫圈头机牙 is this family; 法兰面螺栓 stays flange_bolt; 屋面螺丝 stays roofing_screw; 六角螺栓 stays hex_bolt.
heavy hex nut · heavy hexagonal nut
厚六角螺母
Same AF as hex_nut, height ~1.0D. Query 厚六角螺母 is this family; 六角螺母 stays hex_nut; 薄螺母 stays jam_nut; 加长连接螺母 stays coupling_nut; 法兰螺母 stays flange_nut. NEVER lock nut / nyloc / 锁紧螺母. Not palnut.
twelve-point nut · 12-point nut
十二角螺母
12-point outline + tapped hole. Query 十二角螺母 is this family; 六角螺母 stays hex_nut. NEVER lock nut / nyloc / 锁紧螺母.
binding head screw · binding-head machine screw
绑定头螺丝
Cheese-like head with thin washer step, slotted. Query 绑定头螺丝 is this family; 中柱头螺丝 stays fillister_head; 圆柱头螺丝 stays cheese_head; 垫圈头螺丝 stays washer_head_screw. No Phillips/Torx.
wafer head screw · wafer-head self-tapping screw
晶圆头自攻
Very thin large flat head + slotted + tapping point. Query 晶圆头自攻 is this family; 扁圆头螺丝 stays truss_head; 开槽沉头螺丝 stays countersunk_head; 自攻螺丝 stays self_tapping_screw. No Phillips/Torx.
hitch pin · trailer hitch pin
拖车销
Round bar + loop handle + cross hole for R-clip. Query 拖车销 is this family; 插销 stays linch_pin; 开口销 stays cotter_pin; 销轴 stays clevis_pin; R形销 stays r_clip; 快卸销 stays ball_lock_pin. NEVER alias 插销.
upholstery nail · decorative nail
泡钉
Decorative cap ~3D + short spike. Query 泡钉 is this family; 油毡钉 stays clout_nail; 瓦楞钉 stays roofing_nail; 无头钉 stays finishing_nail. Do not add 钢钉.
horseshoe nail · farrier nail
蹄钉
Rectangular head with bevel shoulder + rectangular shank + chisel point. Query 蹄钉 is this family; 方钉 stays cut_nail; 道钉 stays railroad_spike. Do not add 钢钉.
casing nail · finish casing nail
套管钉
Small flat head, larger than finishing, no ring shank. Query 套管钉 is this family; 无头钉 stays finishing_nail; 环纹钉 stays ring_shank_nail; 油毡钉 stays clout_nail. Do not add 钢钉.
corrugated fastener · corrugated wood fastener
波纹钉
Wavy rectangular plate fastener, not a nail shank. Query 波纹钉 is this family; 骑马钉 stays fence_staple; 钢板 stays plate.
hog ring · C hog ring
C形卡环钉
Open C of round wire, ~60° gap. Query C形卡环钉 is this family; R形销 stays r_clip; 开口销 stays cotter_pin; 挡圈 stays circlip; P型管夹 stays p_clip.
drywall screw · plasterboard screw
石膏板螺丝
Bugle head + slotted drive only + fine thread + point. No Phillips/Torx/Robertson. Query 石膏板螺丝 is this family; 地板螺丝 stays deck_screw; 自攻螺丝 stays self_tapping_screw.
timber screw · structural wood screw
木结构螺丝
Hex washer head + coarse wood thread + gimlet, no drill flute, no EPDM. Query 木结构螺丝 is this family; 六角头木螺丝 stays lag_screw; 屋面螺丝 stays roofing_screw; 紧定/机米 stay set_screw.
box nail · box nail shank
箱钉
Mid-size flat head (~2.6D), smooth shank, no ring. Query 箱钉 is this family; NEVER 钢钉.
common nail · round wire nail
圆钉
Flat head ~2.0D, smooth round shank. Query 圆钉 is this family; NEVER 钢钉.
cup-head bolt · cup head bolt · ribbed neck bolt
杯头螺栓
Shallow dome + ribbed neck (NOT square) + shank + partial thread. Query 杯头螺栓 is this family; 马车螺栓 stays carriage_bolt; 半圆头螺丝 stays round_head.
countersunk bolt · hex countersunk bolt
六角沉头螺栓
External hex in a 90° CSK (NOT hex socket). Query 六角沉头螺栓 is this family; 沉头内六角 stays countersunk_head; NEVER 薄头内六角.
formwork tie · water-stop tie rod
对拉螺杆
Threaded rod + central water-stop disc. Query 对拉螺杆 is this family; NEVER bare 螺杆 — that stays threaded_rod.
swivel coupler · swivel scaffold coupler
旋转扣件
Two half-clamp sleeves on a swivel (not fixed 90°). Query 旋转扣件 is this family; 脚手架扣件 / 直角扣件 stay scaffold_coupler. No cam.
putlog coupler · single coupler
一字扣件
Single sleeve + T-bolt bar. Query 一字扣件 is this family; 脚手架扣件 stays scaffold_coupler.
timber connector · toothed timber plate
齿板
Rectangular toothed plate, spikes on one face. Query 齿板 is this family; 波纹钉 stays corrugated_fastener; NEVER 钢板.
post base · post anchor plate
柱脚锚板
Square plate + 4 holes + short square tube stub. Query 柱脚锚板 is this family; L形地脚 stays l_anchor.
hurricane tie · hurricane strap
飓风拉片
Thin stamped L-strap with staggered holes. Query 飓风拉片 is this family; 角钢 stays l_bracket.
mending plate · flat mending plate
连接钢板
Flat rectangle with staggered slots. Query 连接钢板 is this family; NEVER 钢板 — that stays plate.
round coupling nut · round coupler nut
圆连接螺母
Round knurled coupler ~2.5D long, tap through. Query 圆连接螺母 is this family; 加长连接螺母 stays coupling_nut. NEVER lock nut / nyloc / 锁紧螺母.
weld square nut · projection weld square nut
焊接方螺母
Square nut + weld nibs. Query 焊接方螺母 is this family; 焊接螺母 stays weld_nut; 方螺母 stays square_nut. NEVER lock nut.
shear nut · breakaway hex nut
剪切螺母
Dual hex: outer breakaway + inner remaining + groove. Query 剪切螺母 is this family; 剪切螺栓 stays shear_bolt. NEVER lock nut / nyloc.
furniture bolt · furniture connector bolt
家具螺栓
CSK hex socket + machine thread, no confirmat coarse wood. Query 家具螺栓 is this family; 确认螺丝 stays confirmat_screw. Fuse then thread; hex socket last.
boat spike · boat nail spike
船用长钉
Long square-taper spike, small rectangular head. Query 船用长钉 is this family; 道钉 stays railroad_spike; 方钉 stays cut_nail. NEVER 钢钉.
roofing staple · wide-crown staple
屋面骑马钉
Inverted U with barbed legs, wider crown than fence_staple. Query 屋面骑马钉 is this family; 骑马钉 stays fence_staple.
hairpin cotter · hairpin clip
开口弹簧销
Double equal legs + tight loop (R-clip has one straight + one hooked). Query 开口弹簧销 is this family; R形销 stays r_clip; NEVER 插销 — that stays linch_pin.
shear stud
剪力钉
Shop44 true base. Query 剪力钉 / shear stud is this family.
square-bend U-bolt
方弯U型螺栓
Shop44 true base. Query 方弯U型螺栓 / square-bend U-bolt is this family.
wing-head bolt
蝶形头螺栓
Shop44 true base. Query 蝶形头螺栓 / wing-head bolt is this family.
Type A clutch screw · bowtie-drive screw
蝴蝶槽螺丝
Shop44 true base. Type A / bowtie drive. Query 蝴蝶槽螺丝 / Type A clutch screw is this family. clutch head screw / one-way / 单向槽螺丝 stay one_way_screw.
spiral nail · twisted shank nail
麻花钉
Shop44 true base. Query 麻花钉 / spiral nail is this family.
cap nail
帽钉
Shop44 true base. Query 帽钉 / cap nail is this family.
coil bolt
螺旋牙螺栓
Shop44 true base. Query 螺旋牙螺栓 / coil bolt is this family.
joist hanger
托梁挂件
Shop44 true base. Query 托梁挂件 / joist hanger is this family.
post cap
柱帽
Shop44 true base. Query 柱帽 / post cap is this family.
hold-down strap
抗拔件
Shop44 true base. Query 抗拔件 / hold-down strap is this family.
through anchor
穿墙锚栓
Shop44 true base. Query 穿墙锚栓 / through anchor is this family.
brass heat-set insert
热熔铜螺母
Shop44 true base. Query 热熔铜螺母 / brass heat-set insert is this family.
barrel cross dowel
横孔木榫螺母
Shop44 true base. Query 横孔木榫螺母 / barrel cross dowel is this family.
drilled hex bolt
钻孔六角螺栓
Shop44 true base. Query 钻孔六角螺栓 / drilled hex bolt is this family.
square hook bolt
方钩螺栓
Shop44 true base. Query 方钩螺栓 / square hook bolt is this family.
self-piercing rivet
自冲铆钉
Shop44 true base. Query 自冲铆钉 / self-piercing rivet is this family.
timber rivet
木结构铆钉
Shop44 true base. Query 木结构铆钉 / timber rivet is this family.
expansion shield
铅膨胀管
Shop44 true base. Query 铅膨胀管 / expansion shield is this family.
form-tie wing nut
对拉蝶母
Shop44 true base. Query 对拉蝶母 / form-tie wing nut is this family.
timber bolt
木结构螺栓
Shop44 true base. Query 木结构螺栓 / timber bolt is this family.
tension-control bolt
扭剪型螺栓
Shop46 true base. Query 扭剪型螺栓 / tension-control bolt is this family.
structural bolt · A325 bolt
钢结构螺栓
Shop46 true base. Query 钢结构螺栓 / structural bolt is this family.
tap-end stud
一端攻丝双头柱
Shop46 true base. Query 一端攻丝双头柱 / tap-end stud is this family.
axle nut
车轴螺母
Shop46 true base. Query 车轴螺母 / axle nut is this family.
conduit locknut
电线管锁母
Shop46 true base. Query 电线管锁母 / conduit locknut is this family.
conduit bushing
电线管护口
Shop46 true base. Query 电线管护口 / conduit bushing is this family.
conduit coupling
电线管接头
Shop46 true base. Query 电线管接头 / conduit coupling is this family.
grounding lug
接地线鼻子
Shop46 true base. Query 接地线鼻子 / grounding lug is this family.
ground-rod clamp
接地棒夹
Shop46 true base. Query 接地棒夹 / ground-rod clamp is this family.
EMT pipe strap
电线管鞍形卡
Shop46 true base. Query 电线管鞍形卡 / EMT pipe strap is this family.
two-hole strap
双孔管卡
Shop46 true base. Query 双孔管卡 / two-hole strap is this family.
corner brace plate
角撑板
Shop46 true base. Query 角撑板 / corner brace plate is this family.
rafter tie
椽条拉片
Shop46 true base. Query 椽条拉片 / rafter tie is this family.
twist strap
扭转拉片
Shop46 true base. Query 扭转拉片 / twist strap is this family.
girder hanger
主梁挂件
Shop46 true base. Query 主梁挂件 / girder hanger is this family.
mudsill anchor
地梁锚板
Shop46 true base. Query 地梁锚板 / mudsill anchor is this family.
slide-bolt latch
推拉门栓
Shop46 true base. Query 推拉门栓 / slide-bolt latch is this family.
safety hasp
安全锁扣
Shop46 true base. Query 安全锁扣 / safety hasp is this family.
coil nail
卷钉
Shop46 true base. Query 卷钉 / coil nail is this family.
undercut anchor
后扩底锚栓
Shop46 true base. Query 后扩底锚栓 / undercut anchor is this family.
window-frame screw · window frame wood screw
窗框螺丝
Shop47 true base. Query 窗框螺丝 / window-frame screw is this family.
pocket-hole screw
斜孔螺丝
Shop47 true base. Query 斜孔螺丝 / pocket-hole screw is this family.
chipboard screw
刨花板螺丝
Shop47 true base. Query 刨花板螺丝 / chipboard screw is this family.
spline-head breakaway bolt · necked torque-off bolt
扭断颈螺栓
Shop47 true base. Query 扭断颈螺栓 / spline-head breakaway bolt is this family.
Try: A spline-head breakaway bolt 12 mm diameter and 60 mm long.
rib-neck bolt
筋颈螺栓
Shop47 true base. Query 筋颈螺栓 / rib-neck bolt is this family.
fin-neck bolt
翅颈螺栓
Shop47 true base. Query 翅颈螺栓 / fin-neck bolt is this family.
sealing flange bolt
密封槽螺栓
Shop47 true base. Query 密封槽螺栓 / sealing flange bolt is this family.
reduced-shank bolt
细杆螺栓
Shop47 true base. Query 细杆螺栓 / reduced-shank bolt is this family.
split-bolt connector
开口接线螺栓
Shop47 true base. Query 开口接线螺栓 / split-bolt connector is this family.
mechanical lug
机械线鼻子
Shop47 true base. Query 机械线鼻子 / mechanical lug is this family.
barrel-bolt latch
筒式门闩
Shop47 true base. Query 筒式门闩 / barrel-bolt latch is this family.
gate latch bar
门闩扣
Shop47 true base. Query 门闩扣 / gate latch bar is this family.
hammer-drive sleeve pin
锤击胀管锚栓
Shop47 true base. Query 锤击胀管锚栓 / hammer-drive sleeve pin is this family.
Try: A hammer-drive sleeve pin 10 mm diameter and 50 mm long.
pallet nail
托盘钉
Shop47 true base. Query 托盘钉 / pallet nail is this family.
sinker nail
沉头钉
Shop47 true base. Query 沉头钉 / sinker nail is this family.
pin nail
针钉
Shop47 true base. Query 针钉 / pin nail is this family.
screw-shank nail
螺纹钉
Shop47 true base. Query 螺纹钉 / screw-shank nail is this family.
strike-expansion sleeve
打击胀套锚栓
Shop47 true base. Query 打击胀套锚栓 / strike-expansion sleeve is this family.
Try: A strike-expansion sleeve 10 mm diameter and 50 mm long.
fender bolt
挡泥板螺栓
Shop47 true base. Query 挡泥板螺栓 / fender bolt is this family.
collar stud
带肩螺柱
Shop47 true base. Query 带肩螺柱 / collar stud is this family.
Plain and formed washers, circlips, E-clips, O-rings, P-clips, and split pins.
washer · plain washer · flat washer · ISO washer · ISO 7089 washer · type A washer · type A plain washer · round washer
垫圈 · 垫片 · 平垫圈 · 平垫片 · 华司 · 圆形垫圈 · 金属垫圈
ISO 7089 plain washer when an M size is given.
spring washer · split washer · spring lock washer · helical spring washer · DIN 127
弹簧垫圈 · 弹性垫圈 · 开口垫圈
DIN 127 spring lock washer: open helical ring with a near-rectangular section. The split is empty. Not a plain washer/tube and not a compression coil spring. External toothed washers are toothed-washer. Internal-tooth washers stay out of scope.
toothed washer · external tooth washer · external toothed washer · DIN 6797
外齿垫圈 · 齿形垫圈
DIN 6797 Form A external toothed washer: planar ring with teeth past the root OD. Not a plain washer/tube and not a helical spring_washer. Internal-tooth washers are internal_tooth_washer.
circlip · external circlip · snap ring · external snap ring · shaft circlip · retaining ring · external retaining ring · DIN 471
轴用挡圈 · 弹性挡圈 · 挡圈 · 卡簧
DIN 471 external retaining ring: planar split ring with optional lug holes at the gap. Flat, not helical. The gap is empty. Not spring_washer, not a tube. E-clips are e_clip. Internal circlips are internal_circlip.
internal circlip · internal snap ring · internal retaining ring · bore circlip · DIN 472
孔用挡圈 · 孔用卡簧 · 孔用弹性挡圈
DIN 472 internal retaining ring: planar split ring with inward lug holes at the gap. Flat, not helical. The gap is empty. OD is larger than a same-nominal shaft circlip. Not circlip, not an E-clip, not a tube.
e-clip · e clip · e-ring · DIN 6799
E型挡圈 · E型卡簧 · E形挡圈
DIN 6799 E-clip: planar three-prong retaining ring, opening on one side. Flat, not helical. Not circlip, not internal_circlip, not a tube.
internal tooth washer · internal toothed washer · internal-tooth washer · DIN 6797 J · DIN 6797 Form J
内齿垫圈
DIN 6797 Form J internal toothed washer: planar ring with teeth into the bore. Outer rim is round. Not toothed_washer, not a tube, not spring_washer. Lock washers stay out of scope.
o-ring · o ring · oring · ISO 3601
O型圈 · O形圈
ISO 3601 O-ring: closed torus with a circular section. Not a rectangular tube/washer, not spring_washer, not a circlip. Oil seals, gaskets, and 密封垫 stay out of scope. A garter spring / 环箍弹簧 is garter_spring (coiled round wire torus, not a solid torus).
cotter pin · split pin · ISO 1234 · DIN 94
开口销
ISO 1234 / DIN 94 cotter pin: bent wire eye + two parallel legs, legs open at the free ends. Not a dowel, not a roll pin, not a U-bolt.
r-clip · r clip · hitch pin clip · DIN 11024
R形销 · 弹簧开口销
DIN 11024 R-clip / hairpin: wire bent into an R / double loop. Not a cotter pin (eye + two legs), not a roll pin, not a U-bolt.
fender washer · mudguard washer
加大垫圈 · 泥瓦垫圈
Fender / mudguard washer: thin ring, OD much larger than ISO 7089. Rectangular section. Bare washer stays the tube family. Not toothed_washer, not o_ring, not spring_washer.
wave washer · wave spring washer · DIN 137
波形垫圈
DIN 137 closed wave washer: rectangular section, axial waves, no gap. Not spring_washer (open helix), not a plain washer, not o_ring, not disc_spring. Wave spring / 波形弹簧 is wave_spring. wave spring washer / 波形垫圈 stays wave_washer.
disc spring · belleville washer · belleville spring · DIN 2093
碟形弹簧
DIN 2093 Belleville disc spring: conical ring. Not a flat washer, not spring_washer, not cap_nut dome, not wave_washer.
spherical washer · ball washer · DIN 6319
球面垫圈 · 球面垫
DIN 6319: ring with a spherical seat. Not a disc spring, fender washer, or cap-nut dome.
tab washer · single tab washer · DIN 93
单耳止动垫圈 · 单耳垫圈
DIN 93: planar ring plus one radial tab. Not a toothed washer, circlip, or fender washer.
square washer · DIN 436
方垫圈 · 方形垫圈
DIN 436 square plate + round hole. Not a fender washer, not a plate, not a square nut.
countersunk washer · csk washer
埋头垫圈 · 锥面垫圈
Ring with a conical seat. Not a spherical washer, not a plain washer, not a disc spring.
shoulder washer
轴肩垫圈 · 台阶垫圈
Ring + short integral boss, boss OD < washer OD. Not washer, fender_washer, flanged_bushing, or countersunk_washer.
copper washer · crush washer
密封垫圈 · 紫铜垫
Thick copper crush ring, OD ~1.6×d, taller than ISO 7089. Not washer, fender_washer, or o_ring. Do not put 垫片 / gasket / 密封垫 on this family.
linch pin · lynch pin · DIN 11023
环头销 · 插销
DIN 11023: shank + pull ring. Not cotter_pin, r_clip, or clevis_pin. Bare 销 stays off.
p clip · P-clip · P clamp · DIN 3016
P型管夹 · P型管卡
DIN 3016: strap bent into a P — loop + two stacked ears + one mounting hole. Not a closed washer, not u_bolt, not o_ring. Bare clamp / 管夹 / 管卡 stay off. A scaffold right-angle coupler / 脚手架扣件 is scaffold_coupler. A P-clip stays this family. A fairlead / 导缆孔 is fairlead.
C-washer · C washer · horseshoe washer · open slot washer
C型垫圈 · 马蹄垫圈
Open horseshoe: radial slot to the bore. Not washer (closed), e_clip (three prongs), or square_washer. Bare washer / 垫圈 stay washer.
finishing washer · cupped finishing washer · cupped countersunk washer
装饰沉头垫圈 · 杯形垫圈
Cupped countersunk finishing washer (cone dish). Not countersunk_washer (flat CSK), fender_washer (large flat OD), or spherical_washer.
push-on retainer · push on retainer · palnut · push-on fastener
推入挡圈 · 轴用推入挡圈
Thin disc, inward teeth into the bore (closed, no circlip gap). Not internal_circlip (lugs + gap), e_clip, or internal_tooth_washer (bolt hole). Not lock-washer OOS.
quad ring · X-ring · X ring · quad-ring
四唇密封圈 · X形圈
Closed torus with X/plus cross-section, not circular. Not o_ring (circular section). Bare O-ring / 橡胶圈 stay o_ring. Do not steal gasket/oil-seal OOS names.
backup ring · rectangular backup ring · split backup ring
矩形挡圈 · 密封挡圈
Rectangular-section backup ring (split OK). Not o_ring, washer, or crush_washer. Not a gasket.
spiral retaining ring · spiral circlip · Smalley ring
螺旋挡圈
Smalley-style 1.5-turn spiral, NOT planar DIN 471. Occupancy versus circlip (planar gap empty; spiral has overlapping turns), E-clip, and backup ring. Do not steal circlip / snap ring / retaining ring / 卡簧 / 挡圈 / 弹性挡圈.
round wire circlip · round section retaining ring · round wire snap ring
圆形截面卡簧
ROUND wire section, not rectangular DIN 471. Occupancy versus circlip (flat section; probe above midplane at mean radius), internal circlip, and O-ring. Do not steal circlip / 卡簧 / 挡圈.
D-ring · D ring · D-shaped ring
D形环 · 半圆环
Closed D-shaped ring, round section. Occupancy versus O-ring, quad ring, eye bolt, and R-clip. Do not steal O-ring / 密封圈 / D-shaft / D形轴. Delta ring / 三角环 is delta_ring. A lashing point / 绑扎眼板 is lashing_point. A D-ring stays this family. A half-round bar is half_round_bar.
panel grommet · snap grommet · rubber grommet
面板护线圈 · 过线圈
Snap-in panel grommet: flanged ring plus groove for panel thickness plus through ID. Occupancy versus finishing washer, C-washer, O-ring, and crush washer. NEVER use gasket, oil seal, 密封圈, 橡胶圈, 油封, or 密封垫 (OOS seal).
snap bushing · Heyco bushing · nylon snap bushing
尼龙护线套
Heyco-style corrugated snap bushing. Occupancy versus panel grommet, tube/bushing, hex bushing, and headed drill bushing. Do not steal bushing / 衬套 / 尼龙衬套 / drill bushing / taper lock. snap bushing is longer than bushing so longest-match is OK.
wire rope thimble · cable thimble · thimble
钢丝绳套环 · 鸡心环
Teardrop grooved liner for wire rope. Occupancy versus D-ring (flat back, no point) and O-ring. Do not steal D-ring / O-ring / 密封圈. NEVER gasket / 油封 / 密封垫. A stop is a closed sleeve, not an open teardrop.
quick link · quicklink · screw-gate link
快速连接环 · 螺纹连接环
Oval chain link with a threaded gate on one long side. Occupancy versus D-ring (closed, no gate). Do not steal D-ring / coupling nut / 密封圈.
bow shackle · anchor shackle · screw-pin shackle
弓形卸扣 · 卸扣
Bow shackle as one solid: curved bow plus a screw pin fused across the eyes. Occupancy versus D-ring (no pin). 弓形夹 stays c_clamp; 弓形拉手 stays bow_handle. Do not add 弓形夹, 弓形拉手, clamp, or U-bolt. Chain shackle / 直型卸扣 is chain_shackle. 卸扣 / 弓形卸扣 stay bow_shackle.
wire rope clip · Crosby clip
钢丝绳卡头 · 绳卡
U-bolt plus forged saddle plus two nuts. Occupancy versus U-bolt (no saddle). Query 钢丝绳卡头 is this family; 双鞍钢丝绳卡 is fist_grip. Do not steal U-bolt / 骑马螺栓 / P-clip / clamp / 管夹. A wire-rope stop is a closed sleeve.
snap hook · carabiner · spring hook
弹簧钩 · 快挂
Carabiner / spring snap: C-body plus a fused gate. Occupancy versus hook_bolt (open hook, no gate). Query 弹簧钩 is this family; query 弹簧 stays coil_spring. Do not add hook bolt / 钩头螺栓. Cam / 凸轮 stay out. A ramshorn has no spring gate; a swivel hook has no latch. 鹈鹕钩 stays pelican_hook.
chain shackle · D shackle · dee shackle
直型卸扣 · D型卸扣
Narrow D-bow plus a fused pin, tighter than a bow shackle. Occupancy versus bow_shackle (rounder bow). Query 卸扣 / 弓形卸扣 stays bow_shackle. Do not add 弓形夹.
master link · connecting link oblong · welded master link
主环 · 连接主环
Closed oblong link, no gate, no pin. Occupancy versus d_ring (D shape) and quick_link (threaded gate). Do not steal 卸扣 or D-ring. Pear link / 梨形环 is pear_link.
S-hook · S hook · open S hook
S钩 · S形钩
Open S: two opposite hooks, no gate. Occupancy versus snap_hook (one gate). Query 弹簧钩 stays snap_hook. Do not steal 弹簧.
swivel eye · swivel eye bolt body · rotating eye
旋转吊环 · 回转吊环
Two stacked closed eyes plus a waist. Occupancy versus eye_bolt (one eye plus shank). Query 吊环螺栓 stays eye_bolt. No rolling elements. A swivel hook / 旋转吊钩 is swivel_hook (hook bill + swivel, not two closed eyes). 旋转吊环 stays swivel_eye. A jaw swivel / 双叉旋转环 is jaw_swivel (two forks + waist). 旋转吊环 stays this family.
hoist ring · folding hoist ring · swivel hoist ring body
折叠吊环 · 吊环座
Fold-down hoist ring: tapped block plus a ring in a U-yoke. Occupancy versus eye_bolt (no block). Query 吊环螺栓 stays eye_bolt. A pad eye / 垫板吊耳 is pad_eye. A lifting lug has no folding yoke.
hammerlock · connecting link
连接环
Kenter connecting link: two U-halves plus a mid pin. Occupancy versus master_link (no pin) and bow_shackle. Query 卸扣 stays bow_shackle; 主环 stays master_link; 肯特卸扣 is kenter_shackle. A chain shortening clutch / 链条缩短器 is shortening_clutch. A hammerlock stays this family.
grab hook · cradle hook · clevis grab hook
抓钩 · 起重抓钩
Short-throat cradle hook plus a closed eye, no gate, no threaded shank. Occupancy versus hook_bolt (threaded shank) and snap_hook (gate). Query 钩头螺栓 stays hook_bolt; 弹簧钩 stays snap_hook. Sling hook / 吊索钩 is sling_hook. A ramshorn is a double bill with a closed eye, no latch. A chain shortening clutch / 链条缩短器 is shortening_clutch. 抓钩 stays this family. A sorting hook / 捡选钩 is sorting_hook.
beam clamp · I-beam clamp · girder clamp
钢梁夹 · 工字钢夹
Wide parallel jaws plus a vertical screw; shallower throat than a C-clamp. Occupancy versus c_clamp (deep C). Query 弓形夹 stays c_clamp. No cam in any name. Do not steal 工字钢 or 管夹. A scaffold right-angle coupler / 脚手架扣件 is scaffold_coupler. 梁夹 stays this family. 钢板钳 stays plate_clamp.
spelter socket · poured socket · wire rope spelter
浇铸接头 · 钢丝绳浇铸接头
Closed eye plus a hollow conical basket. Occupancy versus wire_rope_thimble (open teardrop) and eye_bolt. Query 鸡心环 stays wire_rope_thimble; 吊环螺栓 stays eye_bolt. Swage socket / 压制接头 is swage_socket. A wedge socket / 楔形接头 is wedge_socket.
rod clevis · clevis rod end · threaded clevis
接头叉 · 拉杆叉
Tapped shank plus a U-fork with a pin hole. Occupancy versus uj_yoke (hub ears) and u_bolt. Query 万向节叉 stays uj_yoke; U型螺栓 stays u_bolt. A turnbuckle jaw / 花篮叉 is turnbuckle_jaw. A jaw swivel / 双叉旋转环 is jaw_swivel. 拉杆叉 stays this family.
pear link · pear-shaped link · pear master link
梨形环 · 梨形主环
Closed pear-shaped link: wide belly, tapered top, no gate. Query 梨形环 is this family; 主环 stays master_link; D形环 stays d_ring.
sling hook · wide-throat hook
吊索钩 · 索具吊钩
Wide-throat sling hook with a closed eye, no gate, no thread shank. Query 吊索钩 is this family; 铸造钩 is foundry_hook; 抓钩 stays grab_hook; 弹簧钩 stays snap_hook; 钩头螺栓 stays hook_bolt. Do not emit bare 钩 / 吊钩. A ramshorn / 羊角钩 is ramshorn_hook (two bills). A swivel hook / 旋转吊钩 is swivel_hook. 自锁吊钩 stays self_locking_hook. 织带钩 stays webbing_hook. 锁喉钩 stays choker_hook. A coil C-hook / 钢卷钩 is coil_c_hook; a sorting hook / 捡选钩 is sorting_hook.
swage socket · swaged socket · Flemish eye socket
压制接头 · 钢丝绳压制套
Closed eye plus a straight cylindrical barrel, hollow, open at the far end. Query 压制接头 is this family; 浇铸接头 stays spelter_socket; 鸡心环 stays wire_rope_thimble. A wedge socket / 楔形接头 is wedge_socket. A wire-rope stop / 钢丝绳止动套 is wire_rope_stop (short stop sleeve, no eye).
turnbuckle hook · hook end for turnbuckle
花篮钩 · 花篮螺丝钩
Open hook fused to a threaded stub. Query 花篮钩 is this family; 花篮螺丝本体 stays turnbuckle_body; 钩头螺栓 stays hook_bolt. Do not emit a turnbuckle assembly. A turnbuckle eye / 花篮眼 is turnbuckle_eye.
delta ring · triangle ring · triangular ring
三角环 · 三角形环
Closed equilateral triangular ring, round section. Query 三角环 is this family; D形环 stays d_ring.
wedge socket · wedge rope socket · open wedge socket
楔形接头 · 楔套接头
Closed eye plus a flared basket with a fused wedge. Query 楔形接头 is this family; 浇铸接头 stays spelter_socket; 压制接头 stays swage_socket.
turnbuckle eye · eye end · turnbuckle eye end
花篮眼 · 花篮螺丝眼
Closed eye fused to a threaded stub. Query 花篮眼 is this family; 花篮钩 stays turnbuckle_hook; 吊环螺栓 stays eye_bolt. Do not emit a turnbuckle assembly / 花篮螺丝.
turnbuckle jaw · jaw end · turnbuckle fork
花篮叉 · 花篮螺丝叉
U-fork with pin holes plus an external-thread stub. Query 花篮叉 is this family; 拉杆叉 stays rod_clevis. Do not emit a turnbuckle assembly / 花篮螺丝. A jaw swivel / 双叉旋转环 is jaw_swivel. 花篮叉 stays this family.
snatch block · snatch sheave · opening snatch block
开口滑车 · 开口滑车组
Grooved sheave with a side-opening cheek and a shackle bow. Query 开口滑车 is this family; 绳轮 stays rope_sheave. Do not emit pulley / 滑轮.
pad eye · padeye · weld pad eye
垫板吊耳 · 焊接吊耳
Weld-on base plate plus a closed ring overlapping the plate. Query 垫板吊耳 is this family; 吊环螺栓 stays eye_bolt; 折叠吊环 stays hoist_ring. A lifting lug / 吊耳板 is lifting_lug (plate + hole, no torus). 垫板吊耳 / 焊接吊耳 stay pad_eye. A lashing point / 绑扎眼板 is lashing_point (omega on a rectangular weld pad). 垫板吊耳 / 焊接吊耳 stay this family.
lifting lug · weld-on lifting lug · hoist lug
吊耳板 · 起重吊耳
Weld-on lifting lug: a plate with a through-hole, no torus ring. Query 吊耳板 / 起重吊耳 is this family; 垫板吊耳 / 焊接吊耳 stay pad_eye; 吊环螺栓 stays eye_bolt; 折叠吊环 stays hoist_ring. A lashing point / 绑扎眼板 is lashing_point. 吊耳板 stays this family.
container corner · ISO corner fitting · shipping-container corner
集装箱角件 · 集装箱角码
ISO 1161-style corner fitting: hollow block with oval apertures on three adjacent faces. Query 集装箱角件 is this family; 盒子 stays box; 角钢 stays l_bracket. An ISO twist lock / 集装箱扭锁 is twist_lock (oval head + stem). 集装箱角件 stays this family. NEVER cam. 集装箱桥接件 stays bridge_fitting.
ramshorn hook · sister hook · double hook
羊角钩 · 双钩吊钩
Ramshorn / sister hook: a closed eye plus two opposing hook bills. Query 羊角钩 is this family; 羊角螺母 stays wing_nut; 吊索钩 / foundry hook stay sling_hook; 抓钩 stays grab_hook; 弹簧钩 stays snap_hook. A screw hook is screw_hook; a deck cleat / 系船羊角 is deck_cleat.
swivel hook · swivel hoist hook
旋转吊钩 · 回转吊钩
Swivel hook: one hook bill plus a stacked swivel eye with a waist. Query 旋转吊钩 is this family; 旋转吊环 stays swivel_eye; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook; 弹簧钩 stays snap_hook. A jaw swivel / 双叉旋转环 is jaw_swivel. 旋转吊钩 stays this family.
wire rope stop · ferrule stop · swage stop
钢丝绳止动套 · 钢丝绳铝套
Swage stop: a short closed oval sleeve, no eye. Query 钢丝绳止动套 is this family; 钢丝绳卡头 stays wire_rope_clip; 压制接头 stays swage_socket; 钢丝绳套环 stays wire_rope_thimble.
twist lock · ISO twist lock · container twistlock
集装箱扭锁 · 集装箱旋锁
ISO twist lock: oval head plus stem plus a smaller bottom oval, not a hollow corner casting. Query 集装箱扭锁 is this family; 集装箱角件 stays container_corner; 盒子 stays box. NEVER cam / camlock / 凸轮. 集装箱桥接件 stays bridge_fitting.
jaw swivel · jaw and jaw swivel · double jaw swivel
双叉旋转环 · 旋转双叉
Two U-forks stacked with a swivel waist. Query 双叉旋转环 is this family; 旋转吊环 stays swivel_eye; 旋转吊钩 stays swivel_hook; 拉杆叉 stays rod_clevis; 花篮叉 stays turnbuckle_jaw.
shortening clutch · chain shortening clutch · shortening hook
链条缩短器 · 缩短爪
Chain shortening clutch: body with a chain pocket plus a closed eye. Query 链条缩短器 is this family; 抓钩 stays grab_hook; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook. Do not emit 吊钩.
lashing point · weld-on lashing ring · lashing eye plate
绑扎眼板 · 焊接地令
Weld-on lashing point: rectangular pad plus a standing omega loop. Query 绑扎眼板 is this family; 垫板吊耳 / 焊接吊耳 stay pad_eye; 吊耳板 stays lifting_lug.
scaffold coupler · right angle coupler · scaffolding clamp
脚手架扣件 · 直角扣件
Right-angle scaffolding coupler: two half-clamp sleeves at 90°. Query 脚手架扣件 / 直角扣件 is this family; 喉箍 stays hose_clamp; 梁夹 stays beam_clamp. Do not steal 管夹.
self-locking hook · self locking hook · safety latch hook
自锁吊钩
Foundry hook plus a fused latch across the throat. Query 自锁吊钩 is this family; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook. Do not emit bare 吊钩. 锁喉钩 stays choker_hook. 鹈鹕钩 stays pelican_hook. A coil C-hook is coil_c_hook.
ratchet binder · ratchet load binder · load binder
棘轮拉紧器
Two hooks fused to a ratchet body in one pose. Query 棘轮拉紧器 is this family; 棘轮 stays ratchet_wheel. Not a 花篮螺丝 assembly. 杠杆拉紧器 stays lever_binder. A webbing ratchet / 织带棘轮 is webbing_ratchet.
plate clamp · lifting plate clamp · steel plate clamp
钢板钳
Horizontal plate jaws plus a fused screw. Query 钢板钳 is this family; 钢梁夹 stays beam_clamp; 弯头压板 stays toe_clamp; 钢板 stays plate. No cam.
spreader beam · lifting spreader · spreader bar
平衡梁
Box beam plus lifting eyes at both ends. Query 平衡梁 is this family; 工字钢 stays i_beam.
bridge fitting · container bridge fitting · shipping container bridge
集装箱桥接件
Two ISO twist heads on a spanning bar. Query 集装箱桥接件 is this family; 集装箱扭锁 stays twist_lock; 集装箱角件 stays container_corner. NEVER cam / 凸轮.
lever binder · lever load binder · over center binder
杠杆拉紧器 · 杠杆式紧绳器
Over-center lever plus two hooks, no ratchet wheel. Query 杠杆拉紧器 is this family; load binder stays ratchet_binder; 棘轮拉紧器 stays ratchet_binder. Not a 花篮螺丝 assembly.
webbing hook · strap hook · flat webbing hook
织带钩 · 扁平织带钩
Flat webbing slot plus a J bill. Query 织带钩 is this family; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook. Do not emit bare 吊钩. A webbing ratchet is webbing_ratchet.
choker hook · sliding choker hook · choker sling hook
锁喉钩
Sliding choker collar on a foundry hook. Query 锁喉钩 is this family; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook; 自锁吊钩 stays self_locking_hook. Do not emit 吊钩.
pelican hook · quick release pelican · release lever hook
鹈鹕钩 · 速脱钩
Bill plus a long release lever. Query 鹈鹕钩 is this family; 弹簧钩 / 快挂 stay snap_hook; 自锁吊钩 stays self_locking_hook. Do not emit 吊钩.
pipe turnbuckle · closed body turnbuckle · pipe body turnbuckle
闭式花篮体 · 管式花篮体
Closed tube body, tapped both ends, BODY only. Query 闭式花篮体 is this family; 花篮螺丝本体 stays turnbuckle_body. Not a 花篮螺丝 assembly.
coil C-hook · C-hook · coil hook
钢卷钩 · 钢卷C型钩
Open C for a coil ID, no latch assembly. Query 钢卷钩 is this family; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook; 自锁吊钩 stays self_locking_hook. Do not emit bare 吊钩.
webbing ratchet · ratchet buckle · webbing ratchet buckle
织带棘轮 · 绑带棘轮器
Webbing slot plus a ratchet wheel plus a crank, no chain hooks. Query 织带棘轮 is this family; load binder / 棘轮拉紧器 stay ratchet_binder; 棘轮 stays ratchet_wheel; 织带钩 stays webbing_hook. Not a 花篮螺丝 assembly.
deck cleat · mooring cleat · boat cleat
系船羊角 · 系缆羊角
Two opposing horns on a base. Query 系船羊角 is this family; 羊角钩 stays ramshorn_hook; 羊角螺母 stays wing_nut. Do not add bare 羊角.
fairlead · rope fairlead · deck fairlead
导缆孔 · 导缆器
Closed rope eye on a base plate. Query 导缆孔 is this family; p_clip stays p_clip; 立管卡 stays riser_clamp. Do not add 管夹.
sorting hook · sorting bill hook
捡选钩 · 捡钩
Long tapered bill, no latch. Query 捡选钩 is this family; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook; 抓钩 stays grab_hook. Do not emit 吊钩; do not add 捡选吊钩.
wide-body shackle · wide body bow shackle
宽体卸扣
Bow width ~3.5D pin + screw pin. Query 宽体卸扣 is this family; 卸扣 stays bow_shackle; 直型卸扣 stays chain_shackle. Do not alias bare shackle / 卸扣.
swage sleeve · aluminum swage sleeve
压制铝套
Oval/figure-8 sleeve for wire rope. Query 压制铝套 is this family; 钢丝绳止动套 stays wire_rope_stop; 压制接头 stays swage_socket; 鸡心环 stays wire_rope_thimble.
collared eye bolt · shouldered eye bolt
带肩吊环螺栓
Closed eye + large collar ~2.2D + machine shank. Query 带肩吊环螺栓 is this family; 吊环螺栓 stays eye_bolt; 羊眼圈 stays screw_eye; 折叠吊环 stays hoist_ring. Long name required.
rotating lifting point · swivel lifting point
旋转吊点
Base + swivel ring on a cylindrical pivot. Query 旋转吊点 is this family; 折叠吊环 stays hoist_ring; 旋转吊环 stays swivel_eye; 垫板吊耳 stays pad_eye. No cam.
weld-on hook · weld on crane hook
焊接起重机钩
Weld pad + open hook, no eye. Query 焊接起重机钩 is this family; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook; 捡选钩 stays sorting_hook; 抓钩 stays grab_hook; 羊角钩 stays ramshorn_hook. NEVER 吊钩 / 羊角.
panama chock · Panama fairlead chock
巴拿马导缆钳
Heavy base + closed oval lips, standing. Query 巴拿马导缆钳 is this family; 导缆孔 stays fairlead; 系船羊角 stays deck_cleat. No bare 导轨.
bitt · double bitt
双柱系缆桩
Base + two posts + optional bar. Query 双柱系缆桩 is this family; 系船羊角 stays deck_cleat; 系船柱 stays bollard.
bollard · mooring bollard
系船柱
Base + single fat post + lip. Query 系船柱 is this family; 双柱系缆桩 stays bitt; 系船羊角 stays deck_cleat.
chain stopper · anchor chain stopper
止链器
Base + two teeth/claw. Query 止链器 is this family; 链条缩短器 stays shortening_clutch; 魔鬼爪 stays devil_claw; 抓钩 stays grab_hook. No cam.
devil claw · devil's claw
魔鬼爪
Twin claws + eye. Query 魔鬼爪 is this family; 抓钩 stays grab_hook; 止链器 stays chain_stopper.
timber hook · logging hook
木材钩
Long pointed hook + eye. Query 木材钩 is this family; 打捞钩 stays salvage_hook; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook; 捡选钩 stays sorting_hook. No bare 吊钩.
salvage hook · wide throat salvage hook
打捞钩
Wide-throat hook. Query 打捞钩 is this family; 吊索钩 stays sling_hook; 捡选钩 stays sorting_hook. No bare 吊钩.
towing eye · tow eye plate
拖曳眼
Thick plate + large hole + weld elbow. Query 拖曳眼 is this family; 焊接吊耳 / 垫板吊耳 stay pad_eye; 吊耳板 stays lifting_lug; 绑扎眼板 stays lashing_point.
omega link · omega connecting link
欧米茄连接环
Omega link (not omega_channel section). Query 欧米茄连接环 is this family; 欧米茄型钢 stays omega_channel; 连接环 stays hammerlock; 快速连接环 stays quick_link; 梨形环 stays pear_link; 三角环 stays delta_ring.
egg link · egg-shaped link
蛋形环
Closed egg/ellipse round section. Query 蛋形环 is this family; 主环 stays master_link; 梨形环 stays pear_link.
lashing bar · container lashing bar
绑扎杆
Long bar with hooks/eyes both ends. Query 绑扎杆 is this family; 绑扎眼板 stays lashing_point.
chain hook · chain eye hook
链条钩
Short wide throat + chain-eye. Query 链条钩 is this family; 抓钩 stays grab_hook; 锁喉钩 stays choker_hook; 织带钩 stays webbing_hook. No bare 吊钩.
weld-on lashing eye · welding lashing eye
焊接绑扎环
Rounder omega on thicker pad vs lashing_point. Query 焊接绑扎环 is this family; do not use names lashing point / 绑扎眼板; 垫板吊耳 stays pad_eye.
triplate · triangular connecting plate
三角连接板
Equilateral plate, three holes. Query 三角连接板 is this family; 三角环 stays delta_ring; 主环 stays master_link; 平衡梁 stays spreader_beam.
sister clip · double saddle wire rope clip
双夹钢丝绳卡
Two saddles + two bolts vs wire_rope_clip single U-bolt. Query 双夹钢丝绳卡 is this family; 钢丝绳卡头 stays wire_rope_clip.
bolt-type shackle · nutted bow shackle
螺栓型卸扣
Bow + nutted bolt + cotter hole. Query 螺栓型卸扣 is this family; 卸扣 stays bow_shackle. Do not alias bare shackle/卸扣.
kenter shackle · kenter joining shackle
肯特卸扣
Two interlocking halves + taper pin, stud-link outline. Query 肯特卸扣 is this family; 连接环 stays hammerlock; 卸扣 stays bow_shackle.
eye swivel · double eye swivel
双眼旋转环
Two closed eyes on a cylindrical swivel. Query 双眼旋转环 is this family; 双叉旋转环 stays jaw_swivel; 旋转吊环 stays swivel_eye. No cam.
gin block · closed gin block
闭口滑车
Closed cheeks + sheave groove. Query 闭口滑车 is this family; 开口滑车 stays snatch_block; NEVER 滑轮.
roller fairlead · roller fairlead chock
滚轮导缆器
Base + standing rollers. Query 滚轮导缆器 is this family; 导缆孔 stays fairlead; NEVER bare 导轨.
staghorn cleat · staghorn mooring post
羊角桩
Two rising horns from a post. Query 羊角桩 is this family; 系船羊角 stays deck_cleat; NEVER bare 羊角; 羊角钩 stays ramshorn_hook.
towing hook · tow hook
拖钩
Heavy open hook on a weld pad, shorter bill than salvage_hook. Query 拖钩 is this family; NEVER 吊钩/羊角.
foundry hook · foundry lifting hook
铸造钩
Extra-wide throat, no latch, no eye. Query 铸造钩 is this family; NEVER 吊钩.
pipe hook · oil-pipe hook
油管钩
C-hook with a saddle cut for pipe. Query 油管钩 is this family; 钢卷钩 stays coil_c_hook; NEVER 吊钩.
barrel hook · drum chime hook
油桶钩
Pair of lips for drum chime. Query 油桶钩 is this family; NEVER 吊钩.
equalizer beam · lifting equalizer beam
均衡梁
Beam + three holes in a triangle. Query 均衡梁 is this family; 平衡梁 stays spreader_beam; 工字钢 stays i_beam.
fist grip · fist-grip clip
双鞍钢丝绳卡
Two saddles + bolts, no U-bolt. Query 双鞍钢丝绳卡 is this family; 双夹钢丝绳卡 stays sister_clip; 钢丝绳卡头 stays wire_rope_clip.
solid thimble · solid teardrop thimble
实心套环
Solid teardrop with groove. Query 实心套环 is this family; 钢丝绳套环 stays wire_rope_thimble.
flounder plate · diamond flounder plate
菱形连接板
Diamond plate, four holes. Query 菱形连接板 is this family; 三角连接板 stays triplate.
weld-on eye plate · weld on eye plate
焊接眼板
Thick plate + one large hole. Query 焊接眼板 is this family; NEVER 焊接吊耳/垫板吊耳/绑扎眼板 — those stay pad_eye / lashing_point.
chain swivel · chain swivel link
链条旋转节
Two chain-eye ends + barrel. Query 链条旋转节 is this family; 双眼旋转环 stays eye_swivel. No cam.
load ring · weld-on load ring
焊接负荷环
Ring on a weld boss. Query 焊接负荷环 is this family; 折叠吊环 stays hoist_ring.
mooring ring · mooring deck ring
系泊环
Large closed ring on a plate. Query 系泊环 is this family; D形环 stays d_ring.
open swage socket · open basket swage socket
开口压制接头
Open basket + pin hole. Query 开口压制接头 is this family; 压制接头 stays swage_socket; 浇铸接头 stays spelter_socket.
rail clamp · rail-head clamp
钢轨夹
Clamp that bites a rail head. Query 钢轨夹 is this family; NEVER alias girder clamp / beam clamp / 工字钢夹 — those stay beam_clamp.
threaded-pin shackle
螺纹销卸扣
Shop44 true base. Query 螺纹销卸扣 / threaded-pin shackle is this family.
round-pin shackle
圆销卸扣
Shop44 true base. Query 圆销卸扣 / round-pin shackle is this family.
oblong master link
长圆主环
Shop44 true base. Query 长圆主环 / oblong master link is this family.
chain connecting link
链条连接扣
Shop44 true base. Query 链条连接扣 / chain connecting link is this family.
cheek block
侧板滑车
Shop44 true base. Query 侧板滑车 / cheek block is this family.
closed chock
闭式导缆钳
Shop44 true base. Query 闭式导缆钳 / closed chock is this family.
hawse pipe
锚链筒
Shop44 true base. Query 锚链筒 / hawse pipe is this family.
towing staple
拖曳羊眼
Shop44 true base. Query 拖曳羊眼 / towing staple is this family.
vertical lifting clamp
立吊钢板钳
Shop44 true base. Query 立吊钢板钳 / vertical lifting clamp is this family.
drum clamp
油桶夹
Shop44 true base. Query 油桶夹 / drum clamp is this family.
bow eye
弓形眼板
Shop44 true base. Query 弓形眼板 / bow eye is this family.
warping drum
绞缆筒
Shop44 true base. Query 绞缆筒 / warping drum is this family.
grapnel
四爪锚钩
Shop44 true base. Query 四爪锚钩 / grapnel is this family.
webbing shackle
织带卸扣
Shop44 true base. Query 织带卸扣 / webbing shackle is this family.
container lug
集装箱吊耳
Shop44 true base. Query 集装箱吊耳 / container lug is this family.
roller chock
滚轮导缆钳
Shop44 true base. Query 滚轮导缆钳 / roller chock is this family.
chain grab
链条抓具
Shop44 true base. Query 链条抓具 / chain grab is this family.
lashing pot
地令
Shop44 true base. Query 地令 / lashing pot is this family.
anchor swivel
锚用旋转环
Shop44 true base. Query 锚用旋转环 / anchor swivel is this family.
module lug
模块吊耳
Shop44 true base. Query 模块吊耳 / module lug is this family.
horizontal plate clamp
平吊钢板钳
Shop46 true base. Query 平吊钢板钳 / horizontal plate clamp is this family.
pipe lifting clamp
吊管钳
Shop46 true base. Query 吊管钳 / pipe lifting clamp is this family.
swivel block
旋转滑车
Shop46 true base. Query 旋转滑车 / swivel block is this family.
overhaul ball
吊钩配重球
Shop46 true base. Query 吊钩配重球 / overhaul ball is this family.
open-basket wedge socket
开口篮式楔套
Shop46 true base. Query 开口篮式楔套 / open-basket wedge socket is this family.
folding cleat
折叠系缆羊角
Shop46 true base. Query 折叠系缆羊角 / folding cleat is this family.
screw-lock carabiner
螺丝锁登山扣
Shop46 true base. Query 螺丝锁登山扣 / screw-lock carabiner is this family.
maillon rapide
速接环
Shop46 true base. Query 速接环 / maillon rapide is this family.
rope grab
绳索抓器
Shop46 true base. Query 绳索抓器 / rope grab is this family.
cargo ring
货箱拉环
Shop46 true base. Query 货箱拉环 / cargo ring is this family.
mooring shackle
系泊卸扣
Shop46 true base. Query 系泊卸扣 / mooring shackle is this family.
towing shackle
拖曳卸扣
Shop46 true base. Query 拖曳卸扣 / towing shackle is this family.
heavy thimble
重型绳套环
Shop46 true base. Query 重型绳套环 / heavy thimble is this family.
bow roller
船首导缆滚轮
Shop46 true base. Query 船首导缆滚轮 / bow roller is this family.
samson post
船用立柱
Shop46 true base. Query 船用立柱 / samson post is this family.
stacker cone
集装箱堆锥
Shop46 true base. Query 集装箱堆锥 / stacker cone is this family.
elephant foot
集装箱象脚
Shop46 true base. Query 集装箱象脚 / elephant foot is this family.
rail tong
钢轨夹钳
Shop46 true base. Query 钢轨夹钳 / rail tong is this family.
log tong
原木夹钳
Shop46 true base. Query 原木夹钳 / log tong is this family.
manhole lifter
井盖起吊器
Shop46 true base. Query 井盖起吊器 / manhole lifter is this family.
eye-grab hook
眼式抓钩
Shop47 true base. Query 眼式抓钩 / eye-grab hook is this family.
clevis sling hook
叉口吊索钩
Shop47 true base. Query 叉口吊索钩 / clevis sling hook is this family.
Talurit ferrule
铝压套管
Shop47 true base. Query 铝压套管 / Talurit ferrule is this family.
open-pattern rope thimble
开口绳套环
Shop47 true base. Query 开口绳套环 / open-pattern rope thimble is this family.
cargo block
吊货滑车
Shop47 true base. Query 吊货滑车 / cargo block is this family.
capstan
绞盘头
Shop47 true base. Query 绞盘头 / capstan is this family.
weld-on D-ring
焊接D形环
Shop47 true base. Query 焊接D形环 / weld-on D-ring is this family.
lifting frame
起重框架
Shop47 true base. Query 起重框架 / lifting frame is this family.
sheet lifter
板材吊具
Shop47 true base. Query 板材吊具 / sheet lifter is this family.
green-pin shackle
绿销卸扣件
Shop47 true base. Query 绿销卸扣件 / green-pin shackle is this family.
twist shackle
扭转卸扣件
Shop47 true base. Query 扭转卸扣件 / twist shackle is this family.
long D-shackle
长D形卸扣件
Shop47 true base. Query 长D形卸扣件 / long D-shackle is this family.
chain pipe
锚链管
Shop47 true base. Query 锚链管 / chain pipe is this family.
web sling connector
织带连接器
Shop47 true base. Query 织带连接器 / web sling connector is this family.
heart-form rope thimble
心形绳套环
Shop47 true base. Query 心形绳套环 / heart-form rope thimble is this family.
folding ring
折叠拉环
Shop47 true base. Query 折叠拉环 / folding ring is this family.
heel block
跟部滑车
Shop47 true base. Query 跟部滑车 / heel block is this family.
gypsy head
绞锚卷筒头
Shop47 true base. Query 绞锚卷筒头 / gypsy head is this family.
container spreader
集装箱吊具
Shop47 true base. Query 集装箱吊具 / container spreader is this family.
slab tong
板坯夹钳
Shop47 true base. Query 板坯夹钳 / slab tong is this family.
Round stock, collars, keys, pins, bushings, rollers, and stepped shafts. Bare shaft / 轴 stay a smooth cylinder.
tube · pipe · round tube · round pipe · circular tube · circular pipe · circular hollow section · CHS · seamless tube · seamless pipe
圆管 · 管子 · 圆钢管 · 空心管 · 无缝管 · 钢管 · 焊管
Hollow cylinder. Give OD and ID. Square and rectangular tube use rect_tube. A hex / pipe nipple is hex_nipple, not a plain tube.
sleeve · spacer sleeve · pipe sleeve · alignment sleeve
套管 · 套筒 · 隔离套 · 导向套
Short tube used as a sleeve. Not a flanged bushing.
bushing · plain bushing · sleeve bushing · plain bearing bushing · oilite bushing · drill bushing · sleeve bearing
衬套 · 轴套 · 铜套 · 尼龙衬套 · 滑动衬套
Plain cylindrical bushing (tube). No flange, no internal thread solid. A headed / head-type drill bushing is headed-drill-bushing. A taper-lock bush is taper-lock-bushing. A hex reducing bushing is hex-bushing.
Try: A bushing 12 mm outer diameter, 8 mm inner diameter, 10 mm long.
tube spacer · hollow spacer · spacer tube · stand-off tube
空心隔柱 · 套管隔垫 · 空心垫柱 · 空心间隔套
Hollow round spacer. A solid standoff stays on the cylinder family.
shaft collar · set collar · locking collar · stop collar
轴环 · 限位环 · 定位环 · 锁紧环 · 止动环
Short thick ring + radial tap-drill for a set screw. Not a tube, not a hex nut. A split / clamp collar is split-collar.
hollow shaft · tube shaft · bored shaft
空心轴 · 中空轴 · 空心转轴
Tube used as a shaft. Give OD, ID, and length.
Try: A hollow shaft 20 mm outer diameter, 12 mm inner diameter, 40 mm long.
ring · spacer ring · flat ring · distance ring
圆环 · 垫环 · 隔离环 · 间隔环
Short tube / ring. O-rings stay out of scope. An external shaft circlip is circlip.
cylinder · round cylinder · solid cylinder
圆柱体 · 圆柱 · 实心圆柱
Plain cylinder unless the prompt also asks for thread.
shaft · round shaft · plain shaft · idler shaft · linear shaft · ground shaft
圆轴 · 光轴 · 转轴 · 光杆轴 · 轴 · 直线光轴
Solid round shaft. Keyways are slots on a cylinder.
rod · round rod · round bar · bar stock rod · solid round bar
圆棒 · 圆杆 · 圆钢 · 实心圆棒 · 实心圆钢
Plain round bar. Threaded bar maps to threaded-rod.
spacer · round spacer · unthreaded spacer · isolating spacer
间隔柱 · 隔离垫柱 · 圆形垫柱 · 实心垫柱
Solid round spacer. Use tube-spacer when the prompt names a hollow / tube spacer.
disc · disk · circular disc · round disc
圆盘 · 圆片 · 盘件 · 圆形盘
Short cylinder. Bolt circles are hole_pattern features.
hub · hub disc · wheel hub · disk hub
轮毂 · 轮毂盘 · 盘毂 · 轮盘毂
Disc with a bore and optional bolt circle. Not a keyed pulley. 轮毂螺栓 stays wheel_stud.
dowel pin · dowel · locating pin · alignment pin · ISO 2338
定位销 · 圆柱销 · 定位圆柱销
ISO 2338 solid dowel: straight cylinder with both ends chamfered. Not a plain cylinder, taper pin, or roll pin. Bare pin / 销 stay ambiguous.
cap · round cap · end cap · end cover
端盖 · 圆盖 · 盖帽 · 圆形端盖
Round cap. shell{wall} hollows it from the top when asked.
roller · idle roller · plain roller
滚柱 · 滚筒 · 滚子 · 托辊
Plain cylinder. A grooved roller is grooved-roller. A crowned / barrel roller is crowned-roller.
axle · round axle · stub axle
车轴 · 轮轴 · 车轮轴
Solid round axle. A spindle / stepped shaft with stacked shoulders is stepped-shaft.
boss · round boss · locating boss
凸台 · 圆凸台 · 定位凸台
Short cylinder used as a boss. Not a complex housing boss network.
plug · blanking plug
堵头 · 堵塞 · 堵塞头
Round plug. A hex / pipe plug is pipe-plug.
post · round post · support post
立柱 · 圆立柱 · 支撑立柱
Round post / pillar. A hex post is hex_prism.
puck · round puck · button puck
圆饼 · 饼状件 · 圆形饼
Very short cylinder.
parallel key · machine key · feather key · DIN 6885 B · DIN 6885 Form B · key stock
平键 · 键条 · 方键 · 普通平键
DIN 6885 Form B rectangular key, square ends, long-edge chamfer. Not a plate, not a woodruff key, not a hex bar.
flanged bushing · flange bushing · shoulder bushing
法兰衬套 · 带肩衬套 · 法兰轴套
Round tube with a flange at one end. Not a plain bushing/tube and not a bolt-circle flange disc. A silentbloc / 橡胶减振套 is silent_bloc. 法兰衬套 stays this family.
woodruff key · half-moon key · DIN 6888
半月键 · 月牙键
DIN 6888 woodruff key: half-moon prism. Width is the straight face. Not a rectangular parallel key, not a cylinder/pin. Round-end parallel keys are in-scope as round-end-key; gib-head keys as gib-head-key; tangential keys stay out of scope. A woodruff cutter / 半圆键铣刀 is woodruff_cutter.
hex key · allen key · allen wrench · hex wrench · L-key · ISO 2936 · DIN 911
内六角扳手 · 弯头内六角扳手 · 艾伦扳手
ISO 2936 / DIN 911 L-bent hex key. Both arms are hexagonal. Not straight hex_prism stock, not a round-bar U-bolt, not a hex bolt. Straight hex key stock stays hex_prism. Hook spanner / 钩形扳手 is hook_spanner. 开口扳手 stays open_end_wrench.
roll pin · spring pin · slotted spring pin · ISO 8752 · DIN 1481
弹性销 · 弹簧销
ISO 8752 / DIN 1481 slotted spring pin: thin-wall tube with a full-length slot. Not a solid cylinder/dowel, not a cotter pin, not a thick-wall tube. A coiled spring pin / 螺旋弹性销 is coiled_spring_pin.
taper pin · tapered pin · ISO 2339 · DIN 1
圆锥销
ISO 2339 / DIN 1 solid taper pin: frustum with different end diameters. Not a straight cylinder, not a set screw, not a roll pin.
clevis pin · ISO 2341
销轴 · 开尾销轴
ISO 2341: round head + unthreaded shank + cross hole for a cotter pin. Not a dowel, not a cotter pin, not a hex bolt, not a solid rivet. A clevis bolt / 活节螺栓 is clevis_bolt. 快卸销 stays ball_lock_pin.
solid rivet · rivet · DIN 660
实心铆钉 · 铆钉
DIN 660 round-head solid rivet: hemisphere head + unthreaded shank, no slot. Bare rivet maps here. Pop / blind / 抽芯铆钉 stay out of scope and win on longer names. Lockbolt / Huck bolt / 环槽铆钉 is lockbolt. A countersunk rivet / 沉头铆钉 is countersunk_rivet; a drive rivet / 击芯铆钉 is drive_rivet. A tubular rivet / 半空心铆钉 is tubular_rivet; a split rivet / 开脚铆钉 is split_rivet.
gib-head key · gib head key · gib-head · hook key · DIN 6887
钩头楔键 · 钩头键
DIN 6887: rectangular key plus a solid gib hook. Not a parallel key, not a woodruff key. Tangential keys stay out of scope.
round-end key · round end key · DIN 6885 A · DIN 6885 Form A
圆头平键
DIN 6885 Form A: rectangular section with semicircular ends. Not a square-ended parallel key, not a woodruff half-moon.
D-shaft · D shaft · D-shape shaft
D形轴 · D型轴
Round bar with one axial flat. The cut is a chord, not a keyway. Bare shaft stays cylinder. A half-round bar is half_round_bar.
keyed shaft · keyway shaft · shaft with keyway
带键槽轴 · 键槽轴
Round bar + rectangular keyway. Not a D-shaft, not a loose parallel key. Bare shaft stays cylinder.
split collar · split shaft collar · clamp collar
剖分轴环 · 开口轴环
Thick ring + axial slit + two clamp holes. Not a one-piece set collar, not a muff coupling.
crowned roller · barrel roller
鼓形辊 · 鼓形滚筒
Convex barrel roller. Not cylinder, tube, or v_belt_pulley. Bare roller / 滚筒 / 托辊 stay cylinder.
stepped pin · shoulder pin
阶梯销 · 台阶销
Two diameters + chamfer, no head, no thread. Not dowel_pin, shoulder_screw, clevis_pin, or taper_pin. Bare pin / 销 stay off; locating pin stays dowel.
grooved pin · ISO 8740
沟槽销 · 滚花槽销
ISO 8740: solid cylinder + three axial roll grooves. Not roll_pin, dowel_pin, or taper_pin. Bare pin / 销 stay off. A ring-shank nail / 环纹钉 is ring_shank_nail (annular rings + head). A grooved pin stays this family.
diamond pin · diamond locating pin
菱形销 · 削边定位销
Round shank + two opposite locating flats on one end. Not dowel_pin, d_shaft, or keyed_shaft. Bare shaft / 轴 stay cylinder; locating pin stays dowel.
headed drill bushing · head type drill bushing · DIN 172
带头钻套 · 带肩钻套
DIN 172: short barrel + thick head (head OD ≈ 1.5–1.8× body, head thicker than a flanged bushing washer) + precision through bore. No bolt circle. Not tube, flanged_bushing, or shoulder_washer. Bare bushing / drill bushing / 衬套 / 轴套 stay tube.
Try: A headed drill bushing 12 mm outer diameter, 8 mm inner diameter.
grooved roller · grooved drum
槽辊 · 沟槽托辊
Straight cylinder + one rectangular mid-groove. Axis is solid. Not cylinder, crowned_roller, v_belt_pulley, or tube. Bare roller / 滚筒 / 托辊 stay cylinder.
rest button · fixture rest · locating rest · DIN 6321
支撑钉 · 定位支撑
DIN 6321: flat cylindrical head + press-fit shank. No thread, no cross hole. Not dowel_pin, solid_rivet, leveling_foot, or clevis_pin. Bare pin / 销 stay off; locating pin stays dowel.
taper lock bushing · taper-lock bush
锥套 · 锥形锁紧衬套
Taper-Lock style: external taper + flange + axial slit + keyway + bore. Not tube, flanged_bushing, shaft_collar, or keyed_shaft. Bare bushing / 衬套 stay tube. Locking assembly / 胀套 is locking_assembly. QD衬套 stays qd_bushing. 收缩盘 stays shrink_disc.
stepped shaft · shoulder shaft · spindle
阶梯轴 · 台阶轴
Three concentric shoulders, no keyway, no D-flat, no thread. Longer than a two-diameter stepped pin. Not stepped_pin, cylinder, d_shaft, keyed_shaft, or shoulder_screw. Bare shaft / 轴 / axle / rod stay cylinder. Do not put 轴 on d_shaft. A go/no-go plug / 通止塞规 is go_nogo_plug. 台阶轴 stays this family.
shear pin · grooved shear pin
剪切销 · 安全销
Solid cylinder + one annular shear groove. Not grooved_pin (three axial roll grooves), dowel_pin, clevis_pin, or roll_pin. Bare pin / 销 stay off; locating pin stays dowel. Shear bolt / 剪切螺栓 is shear_bolt.
ER collet · collet · ER spring collet
ER弹簧夹头 · 筒夹
ER collet: external taper plus axial slots plus through bore. Occupancy versus taper-lock bushing, headed drill bushing, and hex bushing. Do not steal taper lock / 锥套 / bushing / 衬套. Bare collet is OK (nothing else owns it today).
silentbloc · silent bloc · rubber bushing
橡胶减振套 · 减振胶套
Silentbloc: inner sleeve plus elastomer plus outer sleeve. Query 橡胶减振套 is this family; 衬套 / 尼龙衬套 stay tube; 法兰衬套 stays flanged_bushing; 橡胶井螺母 stays well_nut; 密封圈 stays out of scope.
square shaft · solid square shaft
方轴
Solid square prism. diameter field = across-flats. Query 方轴 is this family; NEVER 方钢 / hex bar (box or hex_prism). Occupancy: solid vs box hollow.
tapered shaft · taper shaft
锥轴
Cone D to 0.6D. Query 锥轴 is this family; 轴 stays cylinder; 阶梯轴 stays stepped_shaft. NEVER bare 轴.
lathe mandrel · turning mandrel
车床心轴
Centers + cylinder + nut shoulder. Query 车床心轴 is this family; 死顶尖 stays dead_center; 活顶尖 stays live_center; 轴 stays cylinder.
lathe catch plate · catch plate
拨盘
Disc + drive holes/slots + bore. Query 拨盘 is this family. NEVER alias face plate. Names: lathe catch plate / 拨盘.
stub shaft · flanged stub shaft
短轴
Integral flange + short cylinder ~2D. Query 短轴 is this family; NEVER bare 轴 — that stays cylinder; NEVER 法兰盘.
piston rod · hydraulic piston rod
活塞杆
Long cylinder + one threaded end + gland groove. Query 活塞杆 is this family; NEVER 轴; NEVER 螺杆 — that stays threaded_rod.
crankshaft · two-throw crankshaft
曲轴
Two throws + journals, planar extrusion. Query 曲轴 is this family; NEVER cam/凸轮; NEVER bare 轴.
expanding mandrel · expanding lathe mandrel
膨胀心轴
Taper sleeve + nut + slots. Query 膨胀心轴 is this family; 车床心轴 stays lathe_mandrel.
double-D shaft
双D轴
Shop44 true base. Query 双D轴 / double-D shaft is this family.
quill shaft
套筒轴
Shop44 true base. Query 套筒轴 / quill shaft is this family.
ISO 13337 slotted pin · ISO 13337 slotted spring pin
开槽弹簧销 ISO 13337
Shop46 true base. Query 开槽弹簧销 ISO 13337 / ISO 13337 slotted pin is this family.
pull dowel
带内螺纹定位销
Shop46 true base. Query 带内螺纹定位销 / pull dowel is this family.
wrist pin
活塞销
Shop46 true base. Query 活塞销 / wrist pin is this family.
double-split collar
双开口轴套
Shop46 true base. Query 双开口轴套 / double-split collar is this family.
kingpin
主销
Shop47 true base. Query 主销 / kingpin is this family.
wire-lock pin
钢丝锁销
Shop47 true base. Query 钢丝锁销 / wire-lock pin is this family.
renewable bushing
可换衬套
Shop47 true base. Query 可换衬套 / renewable bushing is this family.
rest pad
支承垫
Shop47 true base. Query 支承垫 / rest pad is this family.
90° elbows, tees, nipples, couplings, reducers, and EN 1092-1 flanges. 45° elbows stay refused.
pipe elbow · elbow · 90 elbow · 90° elbow · 90 degree elbow
弯头 · 90度弯头 · 直角弯头
Hollow 90° elbow with a rectangular wall section. Not a U-bolt, straight tube, or L-bracket. 45° elbows stay out of scope. Grooved elbow / 沟槽弯头 is grooved_elbow. Bare elbow / 弯头 stay pipe_elbow. A hose elbow / 宝塔弯头 is hose_elbow. 弯头支管台 stays elbolet. A compression elbow / 卡套弯头 is compression_elbow.
pipe tee · equal tee · tee fitting · tee
三通 · 等径三通
Hollow equal tee, three ports connected. Not a T-beam, T-slot, T-nut, or T-bolt. A sanitary tee / 卫生三通 is sanitary_tee; a grooved tee / 沟槽三通 is grooved_tee. A hose tee / 宝塔三通 is barbed, not plain pipe. 卡套三通 stays compression_tee. A flare tee / 扩口三通 is flare_tee.
hose barb · barb fitting · hose nipple
宝塔接头 · 宝塔嘴
Straight shank plus sawtooth barbs. Not a tube, taper pin, or a hose. A hose elbow / 宝塔弯头 is hose_elbow. A hose tee / 宝塔三通 is hose_tee. 宝塔弯头 stays hose_elbow. A hose cross is barbed four-way, not a single barb. 宝塔接头 stays this family. 宝塔异径 stays hose_reducer. 宝塔管帽 stays hose_cap.
pipe cross · equal cross · four-way fitting
等径四通 · 四通
Hollow four-port cross. Not a tee, not a T-slot, not a T-beam. A sanitary cross / 卫生四通 is sanitary_cross; a grooved cross / 沟槽四通 is grooved_cross. 四通 stays pipe_cross. A hose cross is barbed four-way, not plain pipe. 四通 stays this family.
pipe cap · pipe end cap · tube cap
管帽 · 管盖
Closed cup, open end hollow. Not a cap nut, not a solid cylinder, not a box. A sanitary cap / 卫生管帽 is sanitary_cap. A grooved cap / 沟槽管帽 is grooved_cap. 宝塔管帽 stays hose_cap.
concentric reducer · pipe reducer
同心异径 · 异径管 · 大小头
Two hollow diameters, concentric. Not an equal tube, not a taper pin, not a hose barb. 45° elbows stay out of scope. Reducing flange / 异径法兰 is reducing_flange. A reducing coupling / 异径管箍 is reducing_coupling. A sanitary reducer / 卫生异径 is sanitary_reducer; a grooved reducer / 沟槽异径 is grooved_reducer. 同心异径 / 异径管 / 大小头 stay this family. 宝塔异径 stays hose_reducer.
pipe plug · hex plug · hexagon plug · DIN 910
管堵 · 六角管堵
DIN 910: hex head + short threaded stub, much shorter than a hex bolt. Not hex_bolt, hex_nut, cap_nut, or set_screw. Bare plug stays cylinder.
slip-on flange · slip on flange · pipe flange
滑套法兰 · 管法兰
Ring + short hub neck + bore + bolt circle. Not a hubless plate flange, not a flanged bushing, not a flange nut, not a flanged coupling. Bare flange / plate flange / 法兰盘 stay plate-flange.
hex nipple · hexagon nipple · DIN 2982 · pipe nipple
六角外丝 · 六角外丝直接 · 管外丝
DIN 2982: middle hex + two short externally threaded stubs. The thread is the solid. Not tube, threaded_rod, hose_barb, or pipe_plug. Bare pipe / 管子 / tube stay tube; hose nipple stays hose_barb. Nippolet / 外螺纹支管台 is nippolet (saddle plus one male boss). 六角外丝 stays this family.
pipe coupling · coupling socket
管箍 · 内丝直接 · 内螺纹管接
Short thick round sleeve + through tap. Not coupling_nut, tube, hex_nut, or barrel_nut. Bare coupling stays off this family. A reducing coupling / 异径管箍 is reducing_coupling. A compression straight is compression_straight.
eccentric reducer
偏心异径 · 偏心大小头
Two hollow diameters, axes offset. Not concentric_reducer, tube, or eccentric disc. 45° elbows stay out of scope. 卫生偏心异径 stays sanitary_eccentric_reducer.
weld neck flange · weld-neck flange · welding neck flange · EN 1092-1 Type 11
对焊法兰 · 高颈法兰
EN 1092-1 Type 11: long conical neck + disc + bolt circle + bore. Not slip_on_flange, plate-flange, flanged_coupling, or flanged_bushing. Bare flange / 法兰盘 / plate flange stay plate-flange.
blind flange · blank flange · EN 1092-1 Type 05
盲板法兰 · 法兰盖
EN 1092-1 Type 05: disc + bolt circle, no centre bore. Not plate-flange, slip_on_flange, cylinder, or pipe_cap. Do not put 法兰盘 on this family.
pipe wye · lateral wye
斜三通 · Y形三通 · Y 形三通
Hollow 45° lateral, three ports communicate. Not pipe_tee, pipe_elbow, or pipe_cross. 45° elbows stay out of scope. 卫生斜三通 stays sanitary_y. A grooved wye / 沟槽斜三通 is grooved_wye.
threaded flange · screwed flange · EN 1092-1 Type 13
螺纹法兰 · 丝扣法兰
EN 1092-1 Type 13: short cylindrical hub + tap-drill bore + bolt circle. Not plate-flange (no hub), slip_on_flange (clearance bore ≈ pipe OD), weld_neck_flange (long cone), or blind_flange. Bare flange / plate flange / 法兰盘 stay plate-flange. Floor flange / 地板法兰 is floor_flange.
lap joint flange · loose flange · Van Stone flange · EN 1092-1 Type 12
松套法兰 · 活套法兰
EN 1092-1 Type 12: hubless ring, large bore for a stub end, bolt circle. Not slip_on_flange (has a short hub), plate-flange, or blind_flange. Bare flange / 法兰盘 stay plate-flange. Stub end / 翻边短节 is stub_end. 松套法兰 stays lap_joint_flange.
street elbow · service elbow · male-female elbow
外丝弯头 · 内外丝弯头 · 外螺纹弯头
90° hollow + one male threaded stub + one female socket. Not pipe_elbow (both ports the same hollow), hex_nipple, or pipe_coupling. Bare elbow / 弯头 stay pipe_elbow. 45° elbows stay out.
hex bushing · reducing bushing · hex reducing bushing · pipe bushing · DIN 2987 · DIN 2990
六角内外丝 · 变径内外丝 · 六角补芯
DIN 2987 / 2990: hex + large female tap + smaller male stud + through hole. The male thread is the solid. Not hex_nipple (two male ends), pipe_coupling, concentric_reducer, or hex_nut. Bare bushing / 衬套 / drill bushing stay tube. Do not steal hex_nipple / 六角外丝.
pipe return · 180 return · 180° bend · return bend
180°弯头 · 回弯 · 180度弯
180° hollow U-bend, rectangular wall, open unthreaded ends. Not pipe_elbow (90°), u_bolt, or pipe_wye. Bare 弯头 stays pipe_elbow. Do not put U-bolt / 骑马螺栓 here. 45° elbows stay out.
grease nipple · grease fitting · zerk · DIN 71412
黄油嘴 · 油嘴
DIN 71412: hex + one taper male thread + lofted ball-cap nozzle + oil hole. Not hex_nipple, pipe_plug, or ball_plunger. Do not put 轴承 here. Bare nipple / pipe nipple stay hex_nipple; hose nipple stays hose_barb.
cable gland · cord grip
电缆接头 · 葛兰头 · 格兰头
Gland body only: hex + one male thread + lofted nose + through hole. Not hex_nipple, pipe_plug, hex_nut, or hose_barb. Do not put 密封圈 / gasket / 密封垫 here. Bare 接头 stays off.
reducing tee · unequal tee
异径三通 · 大小三通
Hollow T with a smaller branch OD; three ports communicate. Not pipe_tee (equal), pipe_wye, pipe_cross, or concentric_reducer. Bare tee / 三通 stay pipe_tee. 45° elbows stay out.
reducing elbow · 90 reducing elbow · reducing 90 elbow
异径弯头 · 大小头弯头
90° hollow with two different port ODs. Not pipe_elbow (equal ports), street_elbow (male stub + female socket), pipe_return (180°), or reducing_tee. Bare elbow / 弯头 stay pipe_elbow. 45° elbows stay refused.
hose mender · hose splicer · double hose barb · hose repair barb
双头宝塔 · 软管修补接头
Barb + barb splicer, waist in the middle, no hex thread. Not hose_barb (one barb + male thread), hex_nipple, or pipe_coupling. Bare hose barb stays hose_barb. A hose elbow / 宝塔弯头 is hose_elbow. A hose tee is a 90° branch, not a straight double splicer. 宝塔异径 stays hose_reducer. 宝塔管帽 stays hose_cap.
sanitary ferrule · tri-clamp ferrule · tri clamp ferrule · DIN 32676 ferrule
卫生卡箍接头 · 三拉卡箍
Tri-clamp / DIN 32676: tube + groove + clamp lip. Not slip_on_flange, weld_neck_flange, pipe_cap, or lap_joint_flange. Not a gasket. Bare flange / 法兰盘 stay plate-flange. Sanitary elbow / 卫生弯头 is sanitary_elbow. A sanitary tee / 卫生三通 is sanitary_tee; a sanitary cap / 卫生管帽 is sanitary_cap. A sanitary reducer is two ferrules of different OD, not a single equal ferrule. 卫生卡箍接头 stays this family.
compression olive · brass ferrule · compression ferrule · olive ferrule
卡套 · 黄铜卡套
Short tapered ring (wedge ID). Not o_ring (torus), crush_washer, washer, or backup_ring. Not a gasket/seal OOS name. 卡套三通 stays compression_tee. A compression elbow is compression_elbow; a compression straight / 卡套直通 is compression_straight.
hose clamp · worm-drive clamp · worm drive hose clamp · Jubilee clip
喉箍 · 卡箍喉箍
Worm-drive hose clamp as one fused solid: thin circular band plus screw housing plus a short hex/slotted screw. Through the band ID is empty. Occupancy versus P-clip (P-loop plus stacked ears plus one hole; no worm housing), U-bolt, and strap clamp. Do not add hose clip, P-clip, clamp, 管夹, 管卡, or 管箍 — P-clip keeps those P-shaped names and bare clamp stays off. A scaffold right-angle coupler / 脚手架扣件 is scaffold_coupler. 喉箍 stays this family.
tri-clamp clamp · sanitary clamp · clamp ring
卫生卡箍 · 快装卡箍 · 卡箍本体 · 卫生卡箍本体
Tri-clamp CLAMP BODY as one solid: C-shaped ring that seats on a ferrule lip, plus a fused wing-nut boss. Not a ferrule. Occupancy versus sanitary ferrule (tube plus groove plus clamp LIP), cable gland, and P-clip. sanitary_ferrule already owns sanitary ferrule, tri-clamp ferrule, 卫生卡箍接头, and 三拉卡箍. 卫生卡箍 is on THIS family because 卫生卡箍接头 is longer. Do not put gasket / 密封圈 here.
union nut · pipe union nut
活接螺母 · 由壬螺母
Pipe-union nut: hex with a LARGE through ID (female seat / tap-drill), short height, no 37/45 flare cone. Occupancy versus flare nut (internal CONE), coupling nut (long hex ~2.5d), hex nut, and jam nut. Do not steal flare nut / 扩口螺母 / 喇叭口螺母. Bare nut stays hex_nut; nyloc stays OOS. A dielectric union / 绝缘活接 is dielectric_union. 活接螺母 stays this family.
swage nipple · pipe swage · concentric swage
异径短接 · 大小头短接
Concentric pipe swage: two different OD cylinders joined by a cone, HOLLOW, no hex flats. Occupancy versus concentric reducer, hex nipple (middle HEX plus two stubs; also owns pipe nipple), eccentric reducer, and hose mender. Do not steal pipe nipple / hex nipple / concentric reducer / 六角外丝. Bare nipple stays hex_nipple.
Try: A swage nipple 20 mm outer diameter 14 mm inner diameter.
pipe saddle · weld saddle · pipe shoe
鞍座管件 · 管鞍
Welded pipe saddle / pipe shoe: short pipe stub whose bottom is a cylindrical saddle cut. Occupancy versus pipe tee, pipe cap, U-bolt, and P-clip. Do not steal pipe tee / 三通 / P-clip. Threadolet / 螺纹支管台 is threadolet. 鞍座管件 / 管鞍 / pipe shoe stay pipe_saddle. Sockolet / 承插支管台 is the socket olet; threadolet remains the threaded olet. A weldolet / 焊接支管台 is weldolet. Nippolet / 外螺纹支管台 is nippolet. 鞍座管件 stays this family. 鞍形支管台 stays sweepolet.
orifice plate · orifice disc · restriction orifice plate
孔板 · 节流孔板
Thin disc with a small concentric orifice and a handle tab. Occupancy versus washer (solid near a washer ID), flange (no bolt circle), and plate. Do not add plate, washer, 垫圈, flange, 法兰, 法兰盘, gasket, or 密封垫. Orifice flange / 孔板法兰 is orifice_flange. 孔板 stays orifice_plate.
pipe union · union fitting · three-piece union
活接头 · 由壬
Complete three-piece pipe union: two tailpieces plus a hexagonal union nut, hollow through-bore. Occupancy versus union_nut (hex only, no tailpieces). union nut / pipe union nut / 活接螺母 / 由壬螺母 stay union_nut. Do not add coupling or nipple. A dielectric union / 绝缘活接 is dielectric_union (insulating wafer). 活接头 / 由壬 stay this family. A compression straight / 卡套直通 is compression_straight.
Y-strainer · Y strainer · pipeline strainer · basket strainer body
Y型过滤器 · 管道过滤器
Y-body pipeline strainer: through-run plus a capped screen branch, not a third open port. Occupancy versus pipe_wye (three open ports). Do not steal wye / Y型三通 / tee / 三通. 45° elbows stay refused. 篮式过滤器 stays basket_strainer.
grooved coupling · Victaulic coupling · grooved pipe coupling
沟槽管接头 · 沟槽卡箍接头 · 沟槽接头
Victaulic-style grooved pipe coupling: housing halves, grooved ID, two bolt bosses, empty bore. Occupancy versus pipe_coupling (plain sleeve) and hose_clamp. Do not add coupling, clamp, 卡箍, 喉箍, or 管夹. A grooved cap / 沟槽管帽 is a closed end, not a through sleeve. A grooved reducer is two different ODs, not an equal sleeve. 沟槽接头 stays this family.
socket weld flange · socket-weld flange · SW flange · socket-welding flange
承插焊法兰
Socket-weld flange: bolt circle plus a hub with a SOCKET step (through-ID smaller than the socket). Occupancy versus slip_on_flange (through-bore ≈ pipe OD). Bare flange / 法兰 / 法兰盘 stay plate-flange. Do not steal slip-on / weld neck / 对焊法兰.
spectacle blind · figure-8 blind · figure 8 paddle blind
眼镜式盲板 · 8字盲板
Figure-8 paddle: one solid disc plus a web plus an open ring. Occupancy versus blind_flange (no open ring). Query 盲板法兰 stays blind_flange. Do not add flange, 法兰, 法兰盘, gasket, or 密封垫.
stub end · lap joint stub end · stub end pipe
翻边短节 · 对焊环短节
Lap-joint stub: hollow pipe plus a flare collar, no bolt holes. Occupancy versus lap_joint_flange (bolt circle, no pipe). Query 松套法兰 stays lap_joint_flange. Do not steal flange / 法兰盘 / nipple.
hammer union · WECO union · wing union
锤击活接头 · 锤击由壬
WECO wing-lug union: two subs plus a round nut with hammer lugs, hollow. Occupancy versus pipe_union (hex nut, no lugs). Query 活接头 / 由壬 stays pipe_union. Do not add 活接螺母. A dielectric union / 绝缘活接 is dielectric_union. 锤击活接头 stays this family.
grooved elbow · Victaulic elbow · grooved 90 elbow
沟槽弯头 · 沟槽90度弯头
90° grooved-end elbow: hollow bend plus a cut groove near each port. Occupancy versus pipe_elbow (smooth OD). Query 弯头 stays pipe_elbow. Do not steal grooved coupling. A grooved tee / 沟槽三通 is grooved_tee. A grooved wye / 沟槽斜三通 is grooved_wye.
grooved flange · Victaulic flange adapter · grooved pipe flange
沟槽法兰 · 沟槽法兰盘适配
Grooved-end flange adapter: disc plus bolt circle plus a grooved neck. Occupancy versus slip_on_flange (smooth hub). Query 法兰盘 stays plate-flange. Do not add flange, 法兰, gasket.
orifice flange · orifice meter flange · orifice tap flange
孔板法兰 · 孔板取压法兰
Orifice-meter flange: EN/ASME ring with a bolt circle PLUS two radial pressure-tap bosses. Occupancy versus orifice_plate (tab, no bolt circle — probe a bolt hole empty here, solid on orifice_plate) and weld_neck_flange (no taps). Query 孔板 stays orifice_plate. Do not add flange, 法兰, 法兰盘, gasket, 密封垫, washer, 垫圈.
threadolet · threaded olet · threaded branch outlet
螺纹支管台 · 螺纹管座
Threaded olet: cylindrical female-thread boss on a saddle-cut base. Occupancy versus pipe_saddle (short stub, no female boss). Query 鞍座管件 / 管鞍 stays pipe_saddle; 三通 stays pipe_tee. Weldolet / 焊接支管台 is weldolet. Do not steal bushing / 衬套 / nipple. Sockolet / 承插支管台 is sockolet. Nippolet / 外螺纹支管台 is nippolet (male thread). 螺纹支管台 stays this family (female tap). 弯头支管台 stays elbolet. 斜接支管台 stays latrolet. A flangeolet is flangeolet.
expansion bellows · metallic bellows · expansion joint bellows
波纹补偿器 · 金属膨胀节
Metallic expansion joint as one solid: thin-wall tube with ≥3 toroidal convolutions, open both ends. Occupancy versus tube (smooth OD — probe a convolution). Query 管 stays tube. Do not steal gasket / 密封圈 / 油封 or 弹簧. Bellows coupling / 金属波纹管联轴器 is bellows_coupling.
riser clamp · pipe riser clamp · standpipe clamp
立管卡 · 立管管卡
Vertical-pipe riser clamp: two half-saddles plus two bolt lugs, split on a diameter, ID empty. Occupancy versus hose_clamp (one screw housing). Query 喉箍 stays hose_clamp. Do not add 管夹 or 管卡. Do not steal P-clip / 卫生卡箍. Split-ring hanger / 对开管环 is split_ring_hanger. A fairlead is fairlead.
clevis hanger · pipe clevis hanger · clevis pipe hanger
管吊架 · U型管吊架
Pipe clevis hanger: a U-strap whose top is a box with a hanger-rod hole. Occupancy versus u_bolt (two threaded legs, no top box). Query 吊杆螺丝 stays hanger_bolt; U型螺栓 stays u_bolt. Do not steal 吊环螺栓.
sanitary elbow · tri-clamp elbow · hygienic 90 elbow
卫生弯头 · 快装弯头
90° hollow elbow with tri-clamp ferrule lips on both ports. Query 卫生弯头 is this family; 卫生卡箍接头 / 三拉卡箍 stay sanitary_ferrule; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow. Do not emit a 45° elbow. A sanitary tee / 卫生三通 is sanitary_tee. A compression elbow is compression_elbow.
floor flange · pipe floor flange
地板法兰 · 底板法兰
Round plate, four bolt holes on a square pattern, female-thread hub, through-tap. Query 地板法兰 is this family; 螺纹法兰 stays threaded_flange; 法兰 / 法兰盘 stay plate-flange.
sockolet · socket olet · socket-weld branch outlet
承插支管台 · 承插管座
Socket-weld olet: saddle plus a boss whose bore has a socket step. Query 承插支管台 is this family; 螺纹支管台 stays threadolet; 鞍座管件 / 管鞍 stay pipe_saddle. Weldolet / 焊接支管台 is a butt-weld bevel boss, not a socket step. Nippolet / 外螺纹支管台 is nippolet. 承插支管台 stays this family. A flangeolet is flangeolet.
reducing flange · reducer flange · concentric reducing flange
异径法兰 · 大小头法兰
Bolt-circle flange fused to a concentric reducer neck. Query 异径法兰 is this family; 同心异径管 stays concentric_reducer; 法兰盘 stays plate-flange. A flangeolet is flangeolet.
split ring hanger · split pipe ring · two-bolt pipe ring
对开管环 · 分体吊环
Two thin half-rings plus two bolt lugs. Query 对开管环 is this family; 立管卡 stays riser_clamp; 管吊架 stays clevis_hanger. Do not add 管夹 / 管卡.
sanitary tee · tri-clamp tee · hygienic tee
卫生三通 · 快装三通
Equal tee whose three ports are tri-clamp ferrules. Query 卫生三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee; 卫生弯头 stays sanitary_elbow; 卫生卡箍接头 stays sanitary_ferrule. A sanitary cross / 卫生四通 is sanitary_cross (four ferrule ports, not three). 卫生斜三通 stays sanitary_y.
grooved tee · Victaulic tee · roll-groove tee
沟槽三通 · 卡箍沟槽三通
Equal tee with a roll groove at each of three ports. Query 沟槽三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee; 沟槽弯头 stays grooved_elbow. A grooved cross / 沟槽四通 is grooved_cross. 沟槽机械三通 stays grooved_mechanical_tee. A grooved wye / 沟槽斜三通 is grooved_wye.
reducing coupling · hex reducing coupling · reducing pipe coupling
异径管箍 · 异径内丝直接
Hex sleeve with two different tap-drill IDs. Query 异径管箍 is this family; 管箍 stays pipe_coupling; 同心异径管 stays concentric_reducer. A sanitary or grooved reducer is a welded/formed body with two port styles, not a hex tap sleeve. 异径管箍 stays this family.
sanitary cap · tri-clamp blank · hygienic end cap
卫生管帽 · 快装盲板
Closed tri-clamp ferrule with a lip and no through-bore. Query 卫生管帽 is this family; 管帽 stays pipe_cap; 卫生卡箍接头 stays sanitary_ferrule. A grooved cap is a roll-groove blind, not a tri-clamp lip. 宝塔管帽 stays hose_cap.
hose elbow · barb elbow · hose barb elbow
宝塔弯头 · 弯头宝塔
90° elbow with sawtooth barbs on both legs. Query 宝塔弯头 is this family; 宝塔接头 stays hose_barb; 双头宝塔 stays hose_mender; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow. Do not emit a 45° elbow. A hose tee is three barb legs, not a 90° two-leg elbow. A hose cross is four barb legs, not a 90° two-leg barb. 宝塔弯头 stays this family. A compression elbow is compression_elbow.
sanitary cross · tri-clamp cross · hygienic cross
卫生四通 · 快装四通
Equal cross whose four ports are tri-clamp ferrules. Query 卫生四通 is this family; 四通 stays pipe_cross; 卫生三通 stays sanitary_tee; 卫生弯头 stays sanitary_elbow; 卫生卡箍接头 stays sanitary_ferrule.
grooved cross · Victaulic cross · grooved equal cross
沟槽四通 · 沟槽等径四通
Equal cross with a roll groove at each of four ports. Query 沟槽四通 is this family; 四通 stays pipe_cross; 沟槽三通 stays grooved_tee; 沟槽弯头 stays grooved_elbow.
grooved cap · Victaulic cap · grooved end cap
沟槽管帽 · 沟槽封帽
Grooved end cap: one roll groove plus a closed face. Query 沟槽管帽 is this family; 管帽 stays pipe_cap; 卫生管帽 stays sanitary_cap; 沟槽接头 stays grooved_coupling. 宝塔管帽 stays hose_cap.
hose tee · barb tee · 90 hose barb tee
宝塔三通 · 软管三通
90° hose-barb tee: three sawtooth shanks. Query 宝塔三通 is this family; 宝塔接头 stays hose_barb; 宝塔弯头 stays hose_elbow; 双头宝塔 stays hose_mender; 三通 stays pipe_tee. Hose cross / 宝塔四通 is hose_cross (four barb legs). 宝塔三通 stays this family.
weldolet · weld olet · weld-o-let
焊接支管台 · 对焊支管台
Weld-o-let: saddle plus a butt-weld beveled boss, through-bore, no tap and no socket. Query 焊接支管台 is this family; 螺纹支管台 stays threadolet; 承插支管台 stays sockolet; 鞍座管件 / 管鞍 stay pipe_saddle. Nippolet / 外螺纹支管台 is nippolet (male thread on the boss). 焊接支管台 stays this family. 弯头支管台 stays elbolet. 鞍形支管台 stays sweepolet. 斜接支管台 stays latrolet. A flangeolet / 法兰支管台 is flangeolet.
sanitary reducer · tri-clamp reducer · hygienic concentric reducer
卫生异径 · 卫生大小头
Concentric reducer whose both ports are tri-clamp ferrules of different OD. Query 卫生异径 / 卫生大小头 is this family; 同心异径 / 异径管 / 大小头 stay concentric_reducer; 异径管箍 stays reducing_coupling; 卫生卡箍接头 stays sanitary_ferrule; 卫生三通 stays sanitary_tee; 卫生偏心异径 stays sanitary_eccentric_reducer.
grooved reducer · Victaulic reducer · grooved concentric reducer
沟槽异径 · 沟槽大小头
Concentric hollow reducer with a roll groove at each port, two ODs. Query 沟槽异径 / 沟槽大小头 is this family; 同心异径 stays concentric_reducer; 沟槽接头 stays grooved_coupling; 沟槽三通 stays grooved_tee; 沟槽机械三通 stays grooved_mechanical_tee.
hose cross · barb cross · 4-way hose barb
宝塔四通 · 软管四通
Four sawtooth barb shanks in one plane. Query 宝塔四通 is this family; 四通 stays pipe_cross; 宝塔三通 stays hose_tee; 宝塔接头 stays hose_barb; 宝塔弯头 stays hose_elbow; 卫生四通 stays sanitary_cross; 沟槽四通 stays grooved_cross.
nippolet · nip olet · nip-o-let
外螺纹支管台 · 外丝支管台
Nip-o-let: saddle plus a male-thread boss, through-bore, no female tap. Query 外螺纹支管台 is this family; 螺纹支管台 stays threadolet; 焊接支管台 stays weldolet; 承插支管台 stays sockolet; 六角外丝 stays hex_nipple; 鞍座管件 / 管鞍 stay pipe_saddle.
dielectric union · insulating union · dielectric pipe union
绝缘活接 · 绝缘由壬
Insulating union: two tails plus hex nut plus an insulating wafer, hollow. Query 绝缘活接 / 绝缘由壬 is this family; 活接头 / 由壬 stay pipe_union; 活接螺母 / 由壬螺母 stay union_nut; 锤击活接头 stays hammer_union. A compression straight is compression_straight.
sanitary eccentric reducer · hygienic eccentric reducer · tri-clamp eccentric reducer
卫生偏心异径 · 卫生偏心大小头
Tri-clamp reducer whose small-port axis is offset. Query 卫生偏心异径 / 卫生偏心大小头 is this family; 卫生异径 / 卫生大小头 stay sanitary_reducer; 偏心异径 stays eccentric_reducer.
grooved mechanical tee · Victaulic mechanical tee · saddle grooved tee
沟槽机械三通
Saddle plus one grooved outlet. Query 沟槽机械三通 is this family; 沟槽三通 stays grooved_tee; 异径三通 stays reducing_tee.
basket strainer · pot strainer · simplex basket strainer
篮式过滤器
Straight through-run plus a hanging basket chamber. Query 篮式过滤器 is this family; Y型过滤器 stays y_strainer. Do not add 管道过滤器.
elbolet · elbow olet · elbow outlet
弯头支管台
Olet boss on a 90° elbow extrados. Query 弯头支管台 is this family; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow; 焊接支管台 stays weldolet; 螺纹支管台 stays threadolet. 斜接支管台 stays latrolet. A flangeolet is flangeolet.
hose reducer · reducing hose barb · hose barb reducer
宝塔异径
Two barb shanks of different OD. Query 宝塔异径 is this family; 双头宝塔 stays hose_mender; 宝塔接头 stays hose_barb; 同心异径 stays concentric_reducer.
sweepolet · saddle olet · wraparound olet
鞍形支管台
Wraparound saddle plus a cylindrical branch boss, through-bore. Query 鞍形支管台 is this family; 焊接支管台 stays weldolet; 管鞍 stays pipe_saddle. A flangeolet is flangeolet.
latrolet · lateral olet · 45 degree olet
斜接支管台
45° olet on a run saddle. NEVER a 45° elbow. Query 斜接支管台 is this family; 焊接支管台 stays weldolet; 螺纹支管台 stays threadolet; 弯头支管台 stays elbolet. A flangeolet is flangeolet.
sanitary y · sanitary wye · tri-clamp wye
卫生斜三通 · 卫生Y形三通
Tri-clamp 45° wye with ferrule lips. Query 卫生斜三通 is this family; 斜三通 / Y形三通 stay pipe_wye; 卫生三通 stays sanitary_tee. A grooved wye is grooved_wye.
hose cap · barbed cap · hose barb cap
宝塔管帽
Barbed blind plug with a closed cap face. Query 宝塔管帽 is this family; 管帽 stays pipe_cap; 宝塔接头 stays hose_barb; 卫生管帽 stays sanitary_cap; 沟槽管帽 stays grooved_cap.
compression tee · compression T fitting · olive tee
卡套三通 · 卡套T形接头
T body plus three compression nuts. Query 卡套三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee; 卡套 stays compression_olive. A compression elbow is compression_elbow; a compression straight is compression_straight; a flare tee / 扩口三通 is flare_tee.
compression elbow · compression 90 elbow
卡套弯头 · 卡套90度弯头
90° compression elbow body plus two compression nuts. Query 卡套弯头 is this family; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow; 宝塔弯头 stays hose_elbow; 沟槽弯头 stays grooved_elbow; 卫生弯头 stays sanitary_elbow; 卡套 stays compression_olive; 卡套三通 stays compression_tee. NEVER a 45° elbow.
grooved wye · grooved Y · grooved lateral wye
沟槽斜三通 · 沟槽Y形三通
Grooved 45° lateral wye with grooved ports. Query 沟槽斜三通 is this family; 斜三通 / Y形三通 stay pipe_wye; 沟槽三通 stays grooved_tee; 卫生斜三通 stays sanitary_y. NEVER a 45° elbow.
flare tee · JIC tee · flare T fitting
扩口三通 · 喇叭口三通
T body plus three 37° flare seats. Query 扩口三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee; 扩口螺母 stays flare_nut; 卡套三通 stays compression_tee.
flangeolet · flange o-let
法兰支管台
Run saddle plus a raised-face flange branch. Query 法兰支管台 is this family; 焊接支管台 stays weldolet; 螺纹支管台 stays threadolet; 承插支管台 stays sockolet; 弯头支管台 stays elbolet; 鞍形支管台 stays sweepolet; 斜接支管台 stays latrolet; 法兰盘 stays flange; 异径法兰 stays reducing_flange.
compression straight · compression union · compression coupling
卡套直通 · 卡套等径直通
In-line body plus two compression nuts. Query 卡套直通 is this family; do not add 直通; 活接头 / 由壬 stay pipe_union; 卡套 stays compression_olive; 管箍 stays pipe_coupling; 绝缘活接 stays dielectric_union.
flare elbow · flared 90 elbow · JIC elbow
扩口弯头
90° hollow bend + 37° flare bowls, no compression hex nuts. Query 扩口弯头 is this family; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow; 卡套弯头 stays compression_elbow; 沟槽弯头 stays grooved_elbow; 卫生弯头 stays sanitary_elbow; 宝塔弯头 stays hose_elbow; 外丝弯头 stays street_elbow. NEVER a 45° elbow.
compression cross · compression equal cross
卡套四通
Equal hollow cross + four compression nuts. Query 卡套四通 is this family; 四通 stays pipe_cross; 沟槽四通 stays grooved_cross; 卫生四通 stays sanitary_cross; 宝塔四通 stays hose_cross; 卡套三通 stays compression_tee. Do not add bare 四通.
street tee · male branch tee
外丝三通
Two female run ports + male street branch. Query 外丝三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee; 外丝弯头 stays street_elbow; 异径三通 stays reducing_tee; 沟槽机械三通 stays grooved_mechanical_tee. Do not add bare 三通.
reducing cross · unequal cross
异径四通
Run D, branches 0.6D. Query 异径四通 is this family; 四通 stays pipe_cross. Do not add bare 四通.
weld cross · butt weld cross
对焊四通
Equal cross + bevel rings; no thread, no groove, no nuts. Query 对焊四通 is this family; 沟槽四通 stays grooved_cross; 四通 stays pipe_cross. Do not steal grooved cross.
compression cap · compression end cap
卡套管帽
Blind head + compression hex. Query 卡套管帽 is this family; 管帽 stays pipe_cap; 沟槽管帽 stays grooved_cap; 卫生管帽 stays sanitary_cap; 宝塔管帽 stays hose_cap. Do not add bare 管帽.
weld cap · butt weld cap
对焊管帽
Hemispherical cap + bevel. Query 对焊管帽 is this family; 管帽 stays pipe_cap; 椭圆封头 stays dished_head. Do not add bare 管帽.
half coupling · weld half coupling
半管箍
Sleeve, female thread one end, weld bevel other. Query 半管箍 is this family; 管箍 stays pipe_coupling; 异径管箍 stays reducing_coupling. Do not add bare 管箍.
close nipple · all thread nipple
近接短节
All-thread short pipe, no hex. Query 近接短节 is this family; 六角外丝 stays hex_nipple; 异径短接 stays swage_nipple; 黄油嘴 stays grease_nipple.
barrel nipple · pipe barrel nipple
管节短节
Thread both ends + unthreaded barrel, no hex. Query 管节短节 is this family; 近接短节 stays close_nipple; 六角外丝 stays hex_nipple.
P-trap · P trap
P型存水弯
Vertical inlet + 180 bend + horizontal outlet. Query P型存水弯 is this family; 180°弯头 stays pipe_return; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow. NEVER 45°.
S-trap · S trap
S型存水弯
Two 180s, vertical ends. Query S型存水弯 is this family; P型存水弯 stays p_trap. NEVER 45°.
venturi · venturi tube
文丘里管
Converge-throat-diverge. Query 文丘里管 is this family; 同心异径 stays concentric_reducer; 钢管 stays tube.
sight glass · sight glass spool
视镜短节
Spool with milled window flats. Query 视镜短节 is this family; 钢管 stays tube; 卫生卡箍接头 stays sanitary_ferrule.
weld boss · weld-on boss
焊接管座
Pad + short thick boss, through bore. Query 焊接管座 is this family; 焊接支管台 stays weldolet; 螺纹支管台 stays threadolet; 承插支管台 stays sockolet; 外螺纹支管台 stays nippolet. Do not add bare boss / 凸台.
push-fit elbow · push-to-connect elbow
快插弯头
90° hollow + collet ridges, not hex nuts. Query 快插弯头 is this family; 卡套弯头 stays compression_elbow; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow. NEVER a 45° elbow.
push-fit tee · push-to-connect tee
快插三通接头
Three collet ends. Query 快插三通接头 is this family; 卡套三通 stays compression_tee; 三通 stays pipe_tee. Do not add bare 三通.
grooved reducing tee · Victaulic reducing tee
沟槽异径三通
Run D branch 0.6D, three Vic grooves. Query 沟槽异径三通 is this family; 沟槽三通 stays grooved_tee; 异径三通 stays reducing_tee; 沟槽机械三通 stays grooved_mechanical_tee.
hose Y · hose wye barb · hose Y barb
宝塔Y通
60° Y barbs, not a 90 tee. Query 宝塔Y通 is this family; 宝塔三通 stays hose_tee; 斜三通 / Y形三通 stay pipe_wye; 卫生斜三通 stays sanitary_y; 沟槽斜三通 stays grooved_wye. Do not add 斜三通 or Y形三通.
flare union · flared union
扩口活接
Two flare cones + center hex union nut, not a lone flare_nut. Query 扩口活接 is this family; 活接头 / 由壬 stay pipe_union; 绝缘活接 stays dielectric_union; 活接螺母 stays union_nut; 扩口螺母 stays flare_nut.
weld elbow · butt-weld elbow · butt weld 90 elbow
对焊弯头
90 hollow long-ish bend + bevel rings both ends, no thread/groove/flare/nuts. Query 对焊弯头 is this family; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow; 沟槽弯头 stays grooved_elbow; 卫生弯头 stays sanitary_elbow; 扩口弯头 stays flare_elbow; 卡套弯头 stays compression_elbow; 宝塔弯头 stays hose_elbow; 外丝弯头 stays street_elbow; 异径弯头 stays reducing_elbow. NEVER a 45° elbow.
weld tee · butt-weld tee · butt weld equal tee
对焊三通
Equal hollow tee + bevel rings. Query 对焊三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee; 沟槽三通 stays grooved_tee. NEVER 斜三通 / Y形三通.
socket-weld elbow · socket weld 90 elbow · SW elbow
承插焊弯头
90 hollow + socket cups, no bevel, no Vic groove. Query 承插焊弯头 is this family; 承插焊法兰 stays socket_weld_flange; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow. NEVER a 45° elbow.
socket-weld tee · socket weld equal tee · SW tee
承插焊三通
Three socket cups. Query 承插焊三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee; 承插支管台 stays sockolet.
socket-weld coupling · SW coupling · socket weld sleeve
承插焊管箍
Sleeve, socket step both ends, no female taper thread. Query 承插焊管箍 is this family; 管箍 stays pipe_coupling; 承插焊法兰 stays socket_weld_flange.
reducing street elbow · reducing male branch elbow
异径外丝弯头
Female run D + male street branch 0.6D. NEVER 45. Query 异径外丝弯头 is this family; 外丝弯头 stays street_elbow; 异径弯头 stays reducing_elbow; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow.
compression union fitting
卡套活接
Two compression nuts + center union body. Query 卡套活接 is this family; 活接头 / 由壬 stay pipe_union; 卡套直通 stays compression_straight; do not steal compression union from compression_straight; 扩口螺母 stays flare_nut. NEVER 活接头/由壬 as shorts.
push-fit cap · push-to-connect cap
快插管帽
Blind + collet ridges, not hex. Query 快插管帽 is this family; 管帽 stays pipe_cap.
push-fit coupling · push-to-connect coupling
快插直通
Two collet ends, hollow through. Query 快插直通 is this family; NEVER bare 直通; 卡套直通 stays compression_straight; 管箍 stays pipe_coupling.
flare cross · JIC cross
扩口四通
Equal hollow cross + 37° flare bowls, no compression hex nuts. Query 扩口四通 is this family; 四通 stays pipe_cross.
sanitary union · tri-clamp union
卫生活接
Two ferrule lips + lined nut. Query 卫生活接 is this family; 活接头 stays pipe_union; 卫生卡箍 stays sanitary_clamp. NEVER 活接头.
grooved reducing elbow · Victaulic reducing elbow
沟槽异径弯头
90 only, run D branch 0.6D, Vic grooves. NEVER 45. Query 沟槽异径弯头 is this family; 沟槽弯头 stays grooved_elbow; 异径弯头 stays reducing_elbow; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow.
hose adaptor · hose adapter · threaded hose barb adaptor
宝塔外丝接头
Male thread + hex + hose barb. Query 宝塔外丝接头 is this family; NEVER bare 宝塔接头 — that stays hose_barb.
flush bushing · flush reducing bushing
平肩内外丝
Male+female concentric, round/flush OD (not hex). Query 平肩内外丝 is this family; 六角内外丝 stays hex_bushing.
drip leg · drip pocket · steam drip leg
疏水立袋
Vertical nipple + cap pocket + side inlet. Never 45. Query 疏水立袋 is this family; 管帽 stays pipe_cap; 三通 stays pipe_tee.
cleanout tee · plugged branch tee
清扫三通
Equal tee + plugged branch. Query 清扫三通 is this family; 三通 stays pipe_tee.
weld reducing tee · butt-weld reducing tee
对焊异径三通
Run D branch 0.6D + bevels, no groove. Query 对焊异径三通 is this family; 异径三通 stays reducing_tee; 三通 stays pipe_tee.
union elbow · union 90 elbow
活接弯头
90 hollow + union nut at one port. NEVER 45. Query 活接弯头 is this family; NEVER 活接头 as a short — that stays pipe_union; 弯头 stays pipe_elbow.
reducing union · reducing union fitting
异径活接
Two tailpieces D and 0.6D + hex nut. Query 异径活接 is this family; NEVER 活接头/由壬 — those stay pipe_union.
push-fit reducer · push-to-connect reducer
快插异径
Collet both ends, D to 0.6D. Query 快插异径 is this family; 同心异径 stays concentric_reducer; NEVER bare 直通.
weld reducing elbow
对焊异径弯头
Shop44 true base. Query 对焊异径弯头 / weld reducing elbow is this family.
socket-weld cap
承插焊管帽
Shop44 true base. Query 承插焊管帽 / socket-weld cap is this family.
socket-weld reducer
承插焊异径
Shop44 true base. Query 承插焊异径 / socket-weld reducer is this family.
socket-weld cross
承插焊四通
Shop44 true base. Query 承插焊四通 / socket-weld cross is this family.
flanged elbow
法兰弯头
Shop44 true base. Query 法兰弯头 / flanged elbow is this family.
flanged tee
法兰三通
Shop44 true base. Query 法兰三通 / flanged tee is this family.
push-fit Y fitting · push-fit wye fitting
快插Y接头
Shop44 true base. Query 快插Y接头 / push-fit Y fitting is this family.
push-fit cross
快插十字接头
Shop44 true base. Query 快插十字接头 / push-fit cross is this family.
compression reducer
卡套异径
Shop44 true base. Query 卡套异径 / compression reducer is this family.
flare cap
扩口盲帽
Shop44 true base. Query 扩口盲帽 / flare cap is this family.
grooved reducing cross
沟槽异径十字
Shop44 true base. Query 沟槽异径十字 / grooved reducing cross is this family.
union tee fitting
活接三通接头
Shop44 true base. Query 活接三通接头 / union tee fitting is this family.
grooved thread adapter
沟槽外丝接头
Shop44 true base. Query 沟槽外丝接头 / grooved thread adapter is this family.
hose flange adaptor
胶管法兰接头
Shop44 true base. Query 胶管法兰接头 / hose flange adaptor is this family.
flanged cap
法兰盲帽
Shop44 true base. Query 法兰盲帽 / flanged cap is this family.
union cross fitting
活接十字接头
Shop44 true base. Query 活接十字接头 / union cross fitting is this family.
male elbow fitting
双外丝弯头
Shop44 true base. Query 双外丝弯头 / male elbow fitting is this family.
eccentric swage nipple
偏心缩径短节
Shop44 true base. Query 偏心缩径短节 / eccentric swage nipple is this family.
bell reducer
承口异径
Shop44 true base. Query 承口异径 / bell reducer is this family.
grooved flange adapter
沟槽法兰转换
Shop44 true base. Query 沟槽法兰转换 / grooved flange adapter is this family.
long-radius elbow
长半径弯头
Shop46 true base. Query 长半径弯头 / long-radius elbow is this family.
reducing lateral wye
异径Y形接管
Shop46 true base. Query 异径Y形接管 / reducing lateral wye is this family.
flanged cross fitting
法兰四通管件
Shop46 true base. Query 法兰四通管件 / flanged cross fitting is this family.
flanged lateral wye
法兰斜接管件
Shop46 true base. Query 法兰斜接管件 / flanged lateral wye is this family.
flanged concentric reducer
法兰异径管件
Shop46 true base. Query 法兰异径管件 / flanged concentric reducer is this family.
hose tail · hose shank
软管尾接管
Shop46 true base. Query 软管尾接管 / hose tail is this family.
sweat coupling
承插钎焊管箍
Shop46 true base. Query 承插钎焊管箍 / sweat coupling is this family.
dielectric nipple
绝缘短节
Shop46 true base. Query 绝缘短节 / dielectric nipple is this family.
JIC hydraulic elbow
JIC液压弯头
Shop46 true base. Query JIC液压弯头 / JIC hydraulic elbow is this family.
hydraulic run tee · JIC hydraulic run tee
JIC液压通接头
Shop46 true base. Query JIC液压通接头 / hydraulic run tee is this family.
SAE split flange
SAE对开法兰夹
Shop46 true base. Query SAE对开法兰夹 / SAE split flange is this family.
ORB adapter
ORB螺纹接头
Shop46 true base. Query ORB螺纹接头 / ORB adapter is this family.
pipe support shoe · welded pipe support shoe
管道支座靴
Shop46 true base. Query 管道支座靴 / pipe support shoe is this family.
dummy leg
假腿支管
Shop46 true base. Query 假腿支管 / dummy leg is this family.
reinforcement pad
补强圈
Shop46 true base. Query 补强圈 / reinforcement pad is this family.
Storz coupling
斯托兹接头
Shop46 true base. Query 斯托兹接头 / Storz coupling is this family.
press-fit elbow
卡压弯头
Shop46 true base. Query 卡压弯头 / press-fit elbow is this family.
press-fit coupling
卡压管箍
Shop46 true base. Query 卡压管箍 / press-fit coupling is this family.
tank pad flange
罐体接管垫板
Shop46 true base. Query 罐体接管垫板 / tank pad flange is this family.
orifice union fitting
孔板活接件
Shop46 true base. Query 孔板活接件 / orifice union fitting is this family.
grooved-mechanical cross
沟槽机械十字管件
Shop47 true base. Query 沟槽机械十字管件 / grooved-mechanical cross is this family.
press-fit tee
卡压三通管件
Shop47 true base. Query 卡压三通管件 / press-fit tee is this family.
press-fit cap
卡压盲帽
Shop47 true base. Query 卡压盲帽 / press-fit cap is this family.
press-fit wye
卡压斜接管件
Shop47 true base. Query 卡压斜接管件 / press-fit wye is this family.
sweat copper elbow
承插钎焊弯头
Shop47 true base. Query 承插钎焊弯头 / sweat copper elbow is this family.
sweat copper tee
承插钎焊三通管件
Shop47 true base. Query 承插钎焊三通管件 / sweat copper tee is this family.
sweat copper cap
承插钎焊管帽件
Shop47 true base. Query 承插钎焊管帽件 / sweat copper cap is this family.
bull plug
外丝堵头
Shop47 true base. Query 外丝堵头 / bull plug is this family.
bullhead tee
牛头三通管件
Shop47 true base. Query 牛头三通管件 / bullhead tee is this family.
paddle blind
桨式插板
Shop47 true base. Query 桨式插板 / paddle blind is this family.
flange spacer ring
法兰垫环
Shop47 true base. Query 法兰垫环 / flange spacer ring is this family.
puddle flange
防水翼环
Shop47 true base. Query 防水翼环 / puddle flange is this family.
wall sleeve
穿墙套管
Shop47 true base. Query 穿墙套管 / wall sleeve is this family.
pipe guide shoe
管道导向支座
Shop47 true base. Query 管道导向支座 / pipe guide shoe is this family.
pipe anchor saddle
管道锚固鞍座
Shop47 true base. Query 管道锚固鞍座 / pipe anchor saddle is this family.
coupolet · thread-o-let coupling branch
管箍式支管台
Shop47 true base. Query 管箍式支管台 / coupolet is this family.
braze-o-let · brazed outlet fitting
钎焊支管台
Shop47 true base. Query 钎焊支管台 / braze-o-let is this family.
reducing socket
异径承插管件
Shop47 true base. Query 异径承插管件 / reducing socket is this family.
street cross fitting
外丝四通管件
Shop47 true base. Query 外丝四通管件 / street cross fitting is this family.
union lateral wye
活接斜接管件
Shop47 true base. Query 活接斜接管件 / union lateral wye is this family.
Star / lobe / ball knobs, T-handles, clamping levers, handwheels, V-blocks, and leveling feet.
handwheel · spoke handwheel · DIN 950
手轮 · 三辐手轮
DIN 950 simplified: rim, spokes, hub, and bore. Not a gear or V-belt pulley. Solid-disc handwheels stay out of scope.
v-block · v block · vee block
V形铁 · V型铁
Rectangular block with a 90° V groove on top. Not a U-channel, box, I-beam, or V-belt pulley.
star knob · star handle · DIN 6336
星形把手 · 星形旋钮
DIN 6336: blunt lobes + tap. Lobes are handles, not involute teeth. Not knurled_nut, thumb_screw, gear, or handwheel.
ball knob · ball handle · DIN 319
球头把手 · 球形把手
DIN 319 sphere + tap-drill. Not a cap nut, not an O-ring, not a thumb screw.
crank handle · crank · DIN 39
曲柄 · 摇把
DIN 39: hub + one radial arm + handle post. Not a handwheel, not a hex key, not a J-bolt.
shaft support · shaft support block · SK support
轴支撑座 · 光轴支撑
Base + upright + clamp bore, no rolling elements. Not a shaft collar, V-block, or box. Pillow blocks stay out of scope.
leveling foot · machine foot · adjustable foot
调平脚 · 脚杯
Round disc + threaded stud. Not a hex bolt, not a fender washer, not a thumb screw.
T-handle · tee handle · DIN 6306
T形把手 · T 形把手 · 丁字把手
DIN 6306: hub + two symmetric arms. Not crank_handle, hex_key, or star_knob.
three-lobe knob · 3 lobe knob
三瓣旋钮 · 三角把手
Three blunt lobes + tap. Not star_knob, gear, knurled_nut, or handwheel.
mushroom knob · DIN 6335
蘑菇头 · 蘑菇把手
DIN 6335: cylindrical mushroom + neck + tap. Not ball_knob, cap_nut, or thumb_screw.
ball plunger · spring plunger
弹簧柱塞 · 球头柱塞
Hex body + solid ball cap. Not set_screw, ball_knob, or hex_standoff. Do not put 轴承 on this family. 快卸销 stays ball_lock_pin.
clamping lever · adjustable clamping lever · DIN 311
夹紧手柄 · 可调手柄
DIN 311: one offset arm + hub tap. Not a symmetric T-handle, crank_handle, wing_screw, or star_knob. Bare handle / 把手 stay off (t_handle / crank / star each keep their names).
cylindrical handle · DIN 6337 · handle
圆柱手柄 · 滚花手柄 · 把手
DIN 6337: long knurled cylinder (height ≈ 4×d) + blind tap. No external shank. Not knurled_nut, thumb_screw, mushroom_knob, or ball_knob. Bare thumb screw stays thumb_screw. Bare handle / 把手 stay this family, not bow_handle.
index plunger · indexing plunger · DIN 6311
分度柱塞 · 可缩回柱塞
DIN 6311: hex or knurled head + male thread + cylindrical pin (not a ball). The pin is the solid, not a rolling element. Not ball_plunger, set_screw, or rest_button. Bare spring plunger / ball plunger stay ball_plunger. Do not put 轴承 here.
four lobe knob · four-lobe knob
四瓣旋钮 · 四角旋钮
Four blunt lobes + centre tap. Lobes are handles, not involute teeth. Not three_lobe_knob, star_knob, gear, or knurled_nut. Bare knob / 旋钮 stay off.
bow handle · cabinet pull · bridge handle · bow pull
拉手 · 弓形拉手
U-bar with two flat mounting pads, no thread. Not u_bolt (round bar + threaded legs), p_clip, cylindrical_handle, or crank_handle. Bare handle / 把手 stay cylindrical_handle.
five-lobe knob · five lobe knob · five-lobe clamping knob
五瓣旋钮 · 五叶旋钮
Five rounded grip lobes + blind tap. Not three_lobe_knob, four_lobe_knob, or star_knob (pointed). Bare star knob stays star_knob.
knurled knob · knurled clamping knob · blind knurled knob
滚花旋钮 · 滚花把手旋钮
Knurled cylinder, BLIND tap (not through). Not knurled_nut (through tap, nut height), thumb_screw (male thread), ball_knob, or mushroom_knob.
dead center · lathe dead center · fixed center
死顶尖 · 车床死顶尖
Morse-ish taper shank + 60° point. Not taper_pin, cylinder, rest_button, or dog_point_set_screw. Live center / rotating center / 活顶尖 is live_center (stepped bearing housing + 60° point, no balls). Center punch / 中心冲 is center_punch.
strap clamp · milling strap clamp · milling clamp
铣床压板 · 压紧板
Flat bar + elongated slot + step/heel. Not a plate+slot feature, not t_bolt. Not an assembly with a T-bolt. A toe clamp / 弯头压板 is toe_clamp. An F-clamp is f_clamp.
C-clamp · G-clamp · C clamp · G clamp · carriage clamp
弓形夹 · 弓形夹钳 · C形夹钳
C-frame or G-frame plus fused screw plus swivel pad as ONE solid. Occupancy versus strap clamp, U-bolt, P-clip, and clamping lever. Do not steal strap clamp / P-clip / clamp / 管夹 / 弓形拉手 (bow_handle owns 弓形拉手). Bare handle stays cylindrical_handle. A toolmakers clamp / 工具夹钳 is toolmakers_clamp. An F-clamp / F形夹 is f_clamp.
123 block · 1-2-3 block · 1 2 3 block
一二三块
1-2-3 block: 25x50x75 mm rectangle with a GRID of through holes. Occupancy versus box/block (solid) and V-block (V groove). Do not steal block / fixture block / 垫块 / 夹具块 / v-block.
revolving handle · spinning handle · revolving machine handle
转动手柄 · 活络手柄
Cylindrical revolving handle with a THROUGH hole (not a blind tap). Occupancy versus cylindrical handle (DIN 6337 knurl plus BLIND tap — probe through the axis), T-handle, and knurled knob. Do not steal cylindrical handle / handle / 把手 / 圆柱手柄 / 滚花手柄.
edge finder
寻边器
Body cylinder plus smaller concentric tip, blunt, NOT a 60-degree dead center. Occupancy versus dead center (Morse taper plus 60-degree POINT), dowel pin, rest button, and stepped pin. Do not steal dead center / 顶尖 / 死顶尖.
sine bar · sine bar gauge
正弦规
Precision bar with two rollers proud of the bottom. Occupancy versus 123 block (hole grid, no rollers) and box (fills the gap under the bar). Do not steal 123 block / v-block / block / 垫块.
live center · revolving center · rotating center
活顶尖 · 回转顶尖
Lathe live center as one solid: Morse-ish taper plus bearing-housing steps plus a 60° point. No balls. Occupancy versus dead_center (no stepped housing). dead center / 死顶尖 stay dead_center. Do not add 顶尖 alone. Do not steal edge finder / 寻边器.
machine vise · bench vise · milling vise
机用虎钳 · 台虎钳
Bench / machine vise as one solid: body plus two jaws plus a fused screw. Occupancy versus C-clamp (C-frame, no vise bed). Do not steal C-clamp / 弓形夹 / clamp / 管夹 / 垫块.
tap wrench · T-handle tap wrench
丝锥扳手
T-handle tap wrench: long bar plus a central square-chuck body plus a fused tightening screw. Occupancy versus T-handle (no square chuck). Do not steal T-handle / handle / 把手 / hex key. Hand tap / 丝锥 is hand_tap. 丝锥扳手 stays tap_wrench. 管钳 stays pipe_wrench.
center drill · combined drill countersink
中心钻 · 中心钻头
Combined center drill / countersink: small drill diameter plus a 60° cone plus a larger body. Occupancy versus dead_center (Morse taper, no small drill). Do not steal dead center / live center / 死顶尖 / 活顶尖 / edge finder. A countersink cutter / 锪钻 is countersink_cutter. A twist drill / 麻花钻 is twist_drill; a step drill / 阶梯钻 is step_drill; a counterbore cutter / 平底锪钻 is counterbore_cutter. A masonry bit / 电锤钻头 is masonry_bit. 中心钻 stays this family.
die stock · die holder · round die holder
板牙架 · 板牙扳手
Round die holder: ring plus two radial handles. Occupancy versus hex_key and tap_wrench. Query 丝锥扳手 stays tap_wrench. Round die / 圆板牙 is round_die.
Morse sleeve · Morse reducing sleeve · Morse taper sleeve
莫氏变径套 · 莫氏过渡套
Hollow Morse reducing sleeve, both ends open, no 60° point. Occupancy versus dead_center (point) and tube (no taper). Query 死顶尖 stays dead_center; bushing / 衬套 stay tube.
lathe dog · driving dog · carrier dog
鸡心夹头 · 车床鸡心夹
Clamp eye plus a bent driving tail. Occupancy versus c_clamp and wire_rope_thimble (鸡心环). Query 弓形夹 stays c_clamp; 鸡心环 stays wire_rope_thimble.
engineer's square · engineers square · try square
直角尺 · 宽座角尺
Thick stock plus a thin blade at 90°. Occupancy versus l_bracket (equal thickness). Query 角钢 stays l_bracket. Do not steal slotted_angle. Combination square / 组合角尺 is combination_square.
hex socket · hexagon socket · socket wrench
套筒扳手 · 六角套筒
Round OD plus hex ID plus a square drive recess. Occupancy versus muff_coupling (no hex ID). Query 套筒联轴器 stays muff_coupling. Do not add bare socket or socket head.
angle plate · slotted angle plate · box angle plate
弯板 · 直角弯板
Two thick slotted plates at 90°. Occupancy versus l_bracket (thin, no slots) and engineers_square (thin blade). Query 角钢 stays l_bracket; 直角尺 stays engineers_square.
hand tap · taper tap · spiral point tap
丝锥 · 手用丝锥
Square driver plus a fluted tapered body. Occupancy versus threaded_rod (full round, no flutes) and tap_wrench (T-bar). Query 丝锥扳手 stays tap_wrench. Machine reamer / 机用铰刀 is machine_reamer. A screw extractor / 断丝取出器 is screw_extractor. 丝锥 stays this family.
pin vise · pin vice · watchmaker pin vise
手捻钻 · 针钳
Knurled barrel plus a split collet nose. Occupancy versus er_collet (tapered collet only). Query 弹簧夹头 stays er_collet. Do not steal tap_wrench.
round die · threading die · button die
圆板牙 · 板牙
Disc with internal teeth plus OD notches. Occupancy versus die_stock (handles) and hex_nut (no teeth). Query 板牙架 stays die_stock. 修丝螺母 stays die_nut.
radius gauge · fillet gauge · radius gage
半径规 · 半径样板
Fan of notched leaves. Occupancy versus plate (no notches). Do not add feeler gauge. Do not steal 板. Thread pitch gauge / 螺距规 is pitch_gauge. A feeler gauge / 塞尺 is feeler_gauge (stacked leaves of different thickness).
combination square · combo square · sliding square
组合角尺 · 活动角尺
Sliding combination square: grooved stock plus a thin rule that passes through a slot. Query 组合角尺 is this family; 直角尺 stays engineers_square; 角钢 stays l_bracket.
machine reamer · chucking reamer · Morse reamer
机用铰刀
Taper shank plus a fluted cutting body, no square driver. Query 机用铰刀 is this family; 手用铰刀 is hand_reamer; 丝锥 stays hand_tap; 丝锥扳手 stays tap_wrench. A twist drill has a conical point and two flutes, not a reamer's many flutes. An end mill / 立铣刀 is end_mill. 机用铰刀 stays this family.
hook spanner · C-spanner · hook wrench
钩形扳手 · 圆螺母扳手
C-body with a pin at the tip to engage a KM-nut slot. Query 钩形扳手 is this family; 内六角扳手 stays hex_key; 套筒扳手 stays hex_socket. A pin spanner / 销式钩扳手 is pin_spanner (pins on a C, not a single hook bill).
center punch
中心冲
Knurled barrel plus a short ~60/90° point, no Morse taper. Query 中心冲 is this family; 样冲 / prick punch is prick_punch; 死顶尖 stays dead_center; 活顶尖 stays live_center; 寻边器 stays edge_finder. A pin punch / 圆柱冲 is pin_punch.
thread pitch gauge · screw pitch gauge · metric pitch gauge
螺距规 · 螺纹牙规
Fan of thin leaves with saw-tooth thread-form edges. Query 螺距规 is this family; 半径规 stays radius_gauge. Do not emit a feeler gauge. A feeler gauge / 塞尺 is feeler_gauge.
hand reamer · square-drive reamer · hand chucking reamer
手用铰刀 · 方榫铰刀
Square driver plus a fluted cutting body, no Morse taper. Query 手用铰刀 is this family; 机用铰刀 stays machine_reamer; 丝锥 stays hand_tap. A twist drill has a conical point, not a square driver.
countersink cutter · countersink bit · fluted countersink
锪钻 · 沉头锪钻
Fluted 90° cone on a round shank, no pilot drill. Query 锪钻 is this family; 中心钻 stays center_drill. Do not steal the bare token countersink. A counterbore cutter is a flat-bottom spotface with a pilot, not a 90° cone.
pin punch · drive pin punch · parallel pin punch
圆柱冲 · 销冲
Knurled barrel plus a reduced pin with a flat face. Query 圆柱冲 is this family; 中心冲 stays center_punch.
toe clamp · step clamp · mill toe clamp
弯头压板 · 台阶压板
Stepped mill clamp: raised heel, thinner nose, and a slot. Query 弯头压板 is this family; 铣床压板 stays strap_clamp. 钢板钳 stays plate_clamp.
toolmakers clamp · toolmaker's clamp · parallel clamp
工具夹钳 · 工具钳
Two square jaws plus two screws, no C-frame. Query 工具夹钳 is this family; 弓形夹 stays c_clamp. An F-clamp is f_clamp.
twist drill · jobber drill
麻花钻 · 麻花钻头
Jobber twist drill: round shank plus two straight flutes plus a conical point. Query 麻花钻 is this family; 中心钻 stays center_drill; 机用铰刀 stays machine_reamer; 手用铰刀 stays hand_reamer; 锪钻 stays countersink_cutter. An end mill / 立铣刀 is end_mill (flat end teeth). A masonry bit / 电锤钻头 is masonry_bit. A hole saw / 开孔器 is hole_saw. A screw extractor / 断丝取出器 is screw_extractor. 麻花钻 stays this family. 空心钻 stays annular_cutter.
counterbore cutter · spotface cutter · piloted counterbore
平底锪钻 · 锪平刀
Piloted counterbore: a flat-bottom cutting cylinder plus a smaller pilot. Query 平底锪钻 is this family; 锪钻 stays countersink_cutter; 中心钻 stays center_drill. An end mill / 立铣刀 is end_mill. 平底锪钻 stays this family.
step drill · unibit · stepped drill bit
阶梯钻 · 阶梯钻头
Unibit step drill: discrete diameter steps plus two flutes. Query 阶梯钻 is this family; 中心钻 stays center_drill; 麻花钻 stays twist_drill. A go/no-go plug / 通止塞规 is go_nogo_plug. 阶梯钻 stays this family.
feeler gauge · thickness gauge
塞尺 · 厚薄规
Feeler / thickness gauge: stacked leaves of different thickness. Query 塞尺 is this family; 半径规 stays radius_gauge; 螺距规 stays pitch_gauge. A go/no-go plug / 通止塞规 is go_nogo_plug. 塞尺 stays this family. 螺纹通止规 stays thread_plug_gauge.
pin spanner · face pin wrench
销式钩扳手 · 端面销扳手
Pin / face spanner: a C body with two drive pins. Query 销式钩扳手 is this family; 钩形扳手 stays hook_spanner; 套筒扳手 stays hex_socket; 内六角扳手 stays hex_key.
end mill · flat end mill · square end mill
立铣刀 · 平底立铣刀
Square end mill: shank plus straight flutes plus flat end teeth, no 118° point. Query 立铣刀 is this family; 麻花钻 stays twist_drill; 机用铰刀 stays machine_reamer; 平底锪钻 stays counterbore_cutter. T槽铣刀 stays t_slot_cutter. 燕尾铣刀 stays dovetail_cutter. 锯片铣刀 stays slitting_saw. A woodruff cutter is woodruff_cutter; a shell mill / 面铣刀 is shell_mill.
hole saw · holesaw · cup saw
开孔器 · 孔锯
Toothed cup plus an arbor on the closed back. Query 开孔器 is this family; 钢管 stays tube; 麻花钻 stays twist_drill. 空心钻 stays annular_cutter. 锯片铣刀 stays slitting_saw. A shell mill is shell_mill.
masonry bit · SDS drill bit · hammer drill bit
电锤钻头 · 冲击钻头
SDS / masonry bit: wider carbide cap plus SDS collar grooves. Query 电锤钻头 / 冲击钻头 is this family; 麻花钻 stays twist_drill; 中心钻 stays center_drill. Do not add 钻头.
screw extractor · easy out · broken screw extractor
断丝取出器 · 断头螺丝取出器
Tapered extractor with straight flutes, no tap square. Query 断丝取出器 is this family; 丝锥 stays hand_tap; 麻花钻 stays twist_drill.
go no-go plug · go nogo plug gauge · plug gauge
通止塞规 · 光滑塞规
Go/no-go plug: two plain diameters plus a grooved handle, no flutes. Query 通止塞规 / 光滑塞规 is this family; 阶梯钻 stays step_drill; 台阶轴 stays stepped_shaft; 塞尺 stays feeler_gauge. 螺纹通止规 stays thread_plug_gauge. 螺纹环规 stays thread_ring_gauge. A plain ring gauge is plain_ring_gauge.
annular cutter · core drill · broach cutter · Weldon cutter
空心钻 · 取芯钻
Open-cup cutter plus a Weldon shank. Query 空心钻 / 取芯钻 is this family; 开孔器 stays hole_saw; 麻花钻 stays twist_drill.
T-slot cutter · T slot mill · T-slot mill
T槽铣刀
T-shaped mill: neck plus a toothed disc. Query T槽铣刀 is this family; 立铣刀 stays end_mill; 铝型材 stays t_slot; T型钢 stays t_beam. 燕尾铣刀 stays dovetail_cutter. A woodruff cutter is woodruff_cutter.
thread plug gauge · threaded go no-go · thread GO NOGO gauge
螺纹通止规
GO/NOGO steps with annular thread crests. Query 螺纹通止规 is this family; 通止塞规 / 光滑塞规 stay go_nogo_plug; 塞尺 stays feeler_gauge. 螺纹环规 stays thread_ring_gauge.
open-end wrench · open end spanner · open-ended wrench
开口扳手 · 呆扳手
Open-jaw wrench. Query 开口扳手 / 呆扳手 is this family; 内六角扳手 stays hex_key. Do not add 梅花扳手. 活扳手 stays adjustable_wrench. A flare-nut wrench / 油管扳手 is flare_nut_wrench.
pipe wrench · Stillson wrench · pipe spanner
管钳 · 管子钳
Hook jaw plus heel plus I-handle, fixed opening. Query 管钳 / 管子钳 is this family; 丝锥扳手 stays tap_wrench. Do not add 管夹. 活扳手 stays adjustable_wrench.
adjustable wrench · crescent wrench · adjustable spanner
活扳手 · 活动扳手
Moving jaw plus a worm. Query 活扳手 is this family; 开口扳手 stays open_end_wrench; 管钳 stays pipe_wrench. A flare-nut wrench is flare_nut_wrench.
dovetail cutter · dovetail mill · dovetail milling cutter
燕尾铣刀
Shank plus a flared dovetail head. Query 燕尾铣刀 is this family; 立铣刀 stays end_mill; T槽铣刀 stays t_slot_cutter; 燕尾 / 燕尾导轨 stay dovetail. A woodruff cutter is woodruff_cutter.
thread ring gauge · thread ring gage · GO NOGO ring gauge
螺纹环规
GO/NO-GO ring. Query 螺纹环规 is this family; 螺纹通止规 stays thread_plug_gauge; 通止塞规 stays go_nogo_plug. A plain ring gauge / 光滑环规 is plain_ring_gauge.
slitting saw · slotting saw · slitting saw blade
锯片铣刀 · 开槽锯片
Thin toothed disc plus arbor bore. Query 锯片铣刀 is this family; 开孔器 stays hole_saw; 立铣刀 stays end_mill. A shell mill / 面铣刀 is shell_mill.
die nut · hex die nut · rethreading die nut
修丝螺母 · 六角板牙
Hex with internal cutting teeth. Query 修丝螺母 is this family; 圆板牙 / 板牙 stay round_die; 六角螺母 stays hex_nut.
flare nut wrench · line wrench · flare-nut wrench
油管扳手 · 刹车油管扳手
Slotted box opening that wraps a flare nut. Query 油管扳手 is this family; 开口扳手 stays open_end_wrench; 活扳手 stays adjustable_wrench; 扩口螺母 stays flare_nut. Do not add 梅花扳手.
woodruff cutter · woodruff key cutter · woodruff mill
半圆键铣刀 · 半圆铣刀
Shank plus a thin convex-radius disc. Query 半圆键铣刀 is this family; 半圆键 stays woodruff_key; 立铣刀 stays end_mill; T槽铣刀 stays t_slot_cutter; 燕尾铣刀 stays dovetail_cutter.
plain ring gauge · smooth ring gauge · GO NO-GO ring gauge
光滑环规 · 光面环规
GO/NO-GO plain rings, no thread. Query 光滑环规 is this family; 螺纹环规 stays thread_ring_gauge; 通止塞规 stays go_nogo_plug. Do not add bare 环规.
F-clamp · F clamp · bar clamp
F形夹 · F夹
Sliding jaw on a long bar. Query F形夹 is this family; 弓形夹 stays c_clamp; 工具夹钳 stays toolmakers_clamp; 铣床压板 stays strap_clamp.
shell mill · face mill · shell face mill
面铣刀 · 套式面铣刀
Short large-OD cutter with an arbor bore and face teeth, no long end-mill shank. Query 面铣刀 is this family; 立铣刀 stays end_mill; 锯片铣刀 stays slitting_saw; 开孔器 stays hole_saw.
box-end wrench · box end wrench
闭口扳手
Two 12-point rings + flat handle, different sizes. Query 闭口扳手 is this family; 开口扳手 stays open_end_wrench; 油管扳手 stays flare_nut_wrench; 套筒扳手 stays hex_socket. NEVER 梅花扳手.
combination wrench · combo wrench
两用扳手
Box one end, open other. Query 两用扳手 is this family; 开口扳手 stays open_end_wrench; 闭口扳手 stays box_end_wrench. NEVER 梅开 / 梅花.
ratchet wrench · socket ratchet wrench
棘轮扳手
Handle + round head with square drive. Query 棘轮扳手 is this family; 棘轮 stays ratchet_wheel; 滑行杆 stays breaker_bar. Chinese must be 棘轮扳手 not bare 棘轮. No cam.
socket extension · socket extension bar
接杆
Round bar, square hole one end, square tenon other. Query 接杆 is this family; 套筒扳手 stays hex_socket.
breaker bar · sliding T-bar
滑行杆
Long handle + square drive head. Query 滑行杆 is this family; 棘轮扳手 stays ratchet_wrench; 丁字把手 stays t_handle.
slotted screwdriver · flat blade screwdriver
一字螺丝批
Round handle + flat blade. Query 一字螺丝批 is this family; 内六角扳手 stays hex_key. No Phillips/梅花.
needle-nose pliers · needle nose pliers
尖嘴钳
Long tapered jaws + hinge + handles. Query 尖嘴钳 is this family.
locking pliers · vise-grip pliers
大力钳
Toothed jaws + hinge + adjusting screw tail. Query 大力钳 is this family. No cam in names.
circlip pliers · retaining ring pliers
卡簧钳
Straight tips for retaining rings. Query 卡簧钳 is this family; 孔用挡圈 stays internal_circlip (a part, not a tool).
water pump pliers · groove joint pliers
水泵钳
Long jaws + grooved adjustable pivot. Query 水泵钳 is this family; 管钳 stays pipe_wrench.
ball-peen hammer · ball peen hammer
圆头锤
Head with flat face + ball peen + eye. Query 圆头锤 is this family; 羊角锤 stays claw_hammer.
claw hammer · carpenter claw hammer
羊角锤
Flat face + forked claw. Query 羊角锤 is this family; NEVER bare 羊角 (ramshorn_hook, deck_cleat).
cold chisel · flat cold chisel
錾子
Octagon/round bar + cutting edge. Query 錾子 is this family; 中心冲 stays center_punch; 圆柱冲 stays pin_punch.
snap gauge · C snap gauge
卡规
C-frame + two anvils, not a ring. Query 卡规 is this family; 光滑环规 stays plain_ring_gauge; 通止塞规 stays go_nogo_plug; 螺纹环规 stays thread_ring_gauge. NEVER bare 环规.
pin gauge · pin gage
针规
Precision short cylinder, optional handle step. Query 针规 is this family; 通止塞规 stays go_nogo_plug; 圆柱销 stays dowel_pin.
ball-nose end mill · ball nose mill
球头立铣刀
Shank + flutes + hemispherical tip. Query 球头立铣刀 is this family; 立铣刀 stays end_mill; 半圆键铣刀 stays woodruff_cutter; 面铣刀 stays shell_mill; 燕尾铣刀 stays dovetail_cutter.
spot drill · spotting drill
定点钻
Short stout 90/120 cone + shank. Query 定点钻 is this family; 中心钻 stays center_drill; 麻花钻 stays twist_drill; 锪钻 stays countersink_cutter.
drill chuck · three-jaw drill chuck
钻夹头
Tapered shell + three jaws + back cylinder. Query 钻夹头 is this family; ER弹簧夹头 stays er_collet; 手捻钻 stays pin_vise. NEVER bearing.
grinding wheel · abrasive grinding wheel
砂轮
Thick disc + bore, optional dish. Query 砂轮 is this family; 飞轮 stays flywheel; 制动盘 stays brake_disc; 锯片铣刀 stays slitting_saw. NEVER any 滑轮 alias; occupancy must not match v_belt_pulley.
steel rule · steel ruler
钢直尺
Thin long plate + end hole. Query 钢直尺 is this family; 钢板 stays plate; 塞尺 stays feeler_gauge; 直角尺 stays engineers_square. NEVER 钢板.
torque wrench · click torque wrench
扭力扳手
Long handle + click-head housing + square drive. Query 扭力扳手 is this family; 棘轮扳手 stays ratchet_wrench; 棘轮 stays ratchet_wheel. NEVER 梅花扳手. No cam.
impact socket · impact hex socket
冲击套筒
Extra-thick 6-point wall, short. Query 冲击套筒 is this family; NEVER steal 套筒扳手 — that stays hex_socket.
deep socket · deep hex socket
深孔套筒
Same hex as hex_socket but ~2.5× longer. Query 深孔套筒 is this family; 套筒扳手 stays hex_socket.
spark-plug socket · spark plug socket
火花塞套筒
Hex body + reduced hex/rubber-groove end. Query 火花塞套筒 is this family; 套筒扳手 stays hex_socket.
crowfoot wrench · crowfoot socket wrench
开口拔手头
Open C on a square-drive pad, no long handle. Query 开口拔手头 is this family; NEVER 梅花扳手; 开口扳手 stays open_end_wrench.
slogging spanner · striking spanner
敲击扳手
Fat 12-point ring + striking pad + short handle. Query 敲击扳手 is this family; NEVER 梅花; 闭口扳手 stays box_end_wrench.
diagonal cutters · diagonal cutting pliers
斜口钳
Angled cutting jaws + hinge + handles, no teeth. Query 斜口钳 is this family; 尖嘴钳 stays needle_nose_pliers.
lineman pliers · linemens pliers
电工钳
Flat gripping face + side cutter + stout handles. Query 电工钳 is this family; 尖嘴钳 stays needle_nose_pliers.
tin snips · tin snips shears
铁皮剪
Long scissor blades + handles. Query 铁皮剪 is this family.
cross-peen hammer · cross peen hammer
横头锤
Flat face + wedge peen (not ball). Query 横头锤 is this family; 圆头锤 stays ball_peen_hammer.
sledgehammer · sledge hammer
大锤
Two-face heavy head, no peen, no claw. Query 大锤 is this family.
rubber mallet · soft-face mallet
橡胶锤
Cylindrical soft faces + smaller steel eye. Query 橡胶锤 is this family.
cape chisel · cape cutting chisel
狭錾
Octagon bar + narrow cape cutting edge. Query 狭錾 is this family; 錾子 stays cold_chisel.
prick punch · prick marking punch
样冲
Sharper ~30° point vs center_punch. Query 样冲 is this family; 中心冲 stays center_punch.
drift punch · aligning drift punch
对准冲
Long taper to a blunt face. Query 对准冲 is this family; 圆柱冲 stays pin_punch.
outside caliper · external caliper
外卡钳
Two bowed legs + hinge. Query 外卡钳 is this family; NEVER bare 环规; 卡规 stays snap_gauge; 光滑环规 stays plain_ring_gauge.
spirit level · spirit level bar
水平尺
Rectangular bar + two raised vial bosses. Query 水平尺 is this family; NEVER 钢板 — that stays plate; 钢直尺 stays steel_rule.
plumb bob · plumb bob weight
线坠
Pointed cone + cylindrical body + eye. Query 线坠 is this family; 轴 stays cylinder.
Forstner bit
佛斯纳钻
Cylindrical rim + center point + shank. Query 佛斯纳钻 is this family; 立铣刀 stays end_mill; 开孔器 stays hole_saw.
lathe chuck · three-jaw lathe chuck
三爪卡盘
Short stout body + three jaws + back cylinder. Query 三爪卡盘 is this family; 钻夹头 stays drill_chuck; NEVER bearing; NEVER alias face plate.
inside caliper
内卡钳
Shop44 true base. Query 内卡钳 / inside caliper is this family.
micrometer
千分尺
Shop44 true base. Query 千分尺 / micrometer is this family.
bolt cutters
断线钳
Shop44 true base. Query 断线钳 / bolt cutters is this family.
pipe cutter
管子割刀
Shop44 true base. Query 管子割刀 / pipe cutter is this family.
pry bar
撬棍
Shop44 true base. Query 撬棍 / pry bar is this family.
hacksaw frame
钢锯架
Shop44 true base. Query 钢锯架 / hacksaw frame is this family.
mill file
扁锉
Shop44 true base. Query 扁锉 / mill file is this family.
anvil
铁砧
Shop44 true base. Query 铁砧 / anvil is this family.
four-jaw chuck · independent four-jaw chuck
四爪卡盘
Shop44 true base. Query 四爪卡盘 / four-jaw chuck is this family.
collet chuck
筒夹卡盘
Shop44 true base. Query 筒夹卡盘 / collet chuck is this family.
bottle jack
瓶式千斤顶
Shop44 true base. Query 瓶式千斤顶 / bottle jack is this family.
spring clamp
弹簧夹
Shop44 true base. Query 弹簧夹 / spring clamp is this family.
auger bit
木工螺旋钻
Shop44 true base. Query 木工螺旋钻 / auger bit is this family.
spade bit
扁钻
Shop44 true base. Query 扁钻 / spade bit is this family.
brad-point bit
尖头木工钻
Shop44 true base. Query 尖头木工钻 / brad-point bit is this family.
roughing end mill
粗皮立铣刀
Shop44 true base. Query 粗皮立铣刀 / roughing end mill is this family.
divider caliper
分规
Shop44 true base. Query 分规 / divider caliper is this family.
scriber
划针
Shop44 true base. Query 划针 / scriber is this family.
torpedo level
鱼雷水平尺
Shop44 true base. Query 鱼雷水平尺 / torpedo level is this family.
nut driver
螺母批头
Shop44 true base. Query 螺母批头 / nut driver is this family.
strap wrench
带式扳手
Shop45 true base. Query 带式扳手 / strap wrench is this family.
basin wrench
面盆扳手
Shop45 true base. Query 面盆扳手 / basin wrench is this family.
oil-filter wrench
机油滤清器扳手
Shop45 true base. Query 机油滤清器扳手 / oil-filter wrench is this family.
socket adapter
套筒转换接头
Shop45 true base. Query 套筒转换接头 / socket adapter is this family.
tommy bar · tommy bar handle
丁字撬棒
Shop45 true base. Query 丁字撬棒 / tommy bar is this family.
speed handle
速转扳杆
Shop45 true base. Query 速转扳杆 / speed handle is this family.
wobble extension
万向接杆
Shop45 true base. Query 万向接杆 / wobble extension is this family.
pass-through socket
通孔套筒
Shop45 true base. Query 通孔套筒 / pass-through socket is this family.
chain wrench
链条扳手
Shop45 true base. Query 链条扳手 / chain wrench is this family.
spud wrench
尖尾开口扳手
Shop45 true base. Query 尖尾开口扳手 / spud wrench is this family.
hydrant wrench
消防栓扳手
Shop45 true base. Query 消防栓扳手 / hydrant wrench is this family.
offset box spanner
弯头闭口扳子
Shop45 true base. Query 弯头闭口扳子 / offset box spanner is this family.
torque multiplier
扭力倍增器
Shop45 true base. Query 扭力倍增器 / torque multiplier is this family.
magnetic bit holder
磁性批头杆
Shop45 true base. Query 磁性批头杆 / magnetic bit holder is this family.
insert screwdriver bit · slotted insert bit
一字批头
Shop45 true base. Query 一字批头 / insert screwdriver bit is this family.
Try: An insert screwdriver bit 6 mm diameter and 30 mm long.
stubby screwdriver
短柄螺丝批
Shop45 true base. Query 短柄螺丝批 / stubby screwdriver is this family.
offset screwdriver
弯头螺丝批
Shop45 true base. Query 弯头螺丝批 / offset screwdriver is this family.
hex bit socket · hexagon bit socket
内六角批头套筒
Shop45 true base. Query 内六角批头套筒 / hex bit socket is this family.
spinner handle
掌心扳杆
Shop45 true base. Query 掌心扳杆 / spinner handle is this family.
breaker-bar adapter
滑杆接头
Shop45 true base. Query 滑杆接头 / breaker-bar adapter is this family.
bent-nose pliers
弯嘴钳
Shop45 true base. Query 弯嘴钳 / bent-nose pliers is this family.
fencing pliers
围栏钳
Shop45 true base. Query 围栏钳 / fencing pliers is this family.
hose-clamp pliers
喉箍钳
Shop45 true base. Query 喉箍钳 / hose-clamp pliers is this family.
crimping pliers
压线钳
Shop45 true base. Query 压线钳 / crimping pliers is this family.
cable cutters
电缆剪
Shop45 true base. Query 电缆剪 / cable cutters is this family.
end-cutting nippers
顶切钳
Shop45 true base. Query 顶切钳 / end-cutting nippers is this family.
long-reach pliers
加长尖嘴钳
Shop45 true base. Query 加长尖嘴钳 / long-reach pliers is this family.
welding pliers
焊工钳
Shop45 true base. Query 焊工钳 / welding pliers is this family.
internal circlip pliers · internal retaining-ring pliers
孔用卡簧钳
Shop45 true base. Query 孔用卡簧钳 / internal circlip pliers is this family.
sheet-metal pliers
钣金钳
Shop45 true base. Query 钣金钳 / sheet-metal pliers is this family.
hand seamer
手缝钳
Shop45 true base. Query 手缝钳 / hand seamer is this family.
aviation snips
航空剪
Shop45 true base. Query 航空剪 / aviation snips is this family.
offset snips
弯头航空剪
Shop45 true base. Query 弯头航空剪 / offset snips is this family.
wire strippers
剥线钳
Shop45 true base. Query 剥线钳 / wire strippers is this family.
fence pliers
铁丝网钳
Shop45 true base. Query 铁丝网钳 / fence pliers is this family.
parallel-action pliers
平行钳
Shop45 true base. Query 平行钳 / parallel-action pliers is this family.
jeweler pliers
首饰钳
Shop45 true base. Query 首饰钳 / jeweler pliers is this family.
hose pinch-off pliers
胶管夹断钳
Shop45 true base. Query 胶管夹断钳 / hose pinch-off pliers is this family.
locking chain clamp
链条锁紧钳
Shop45 true base. Query 链条锁紧钳 / locking chain clamp is this family.
carpenter end nippers
木工顶切钳
Shop45 true base. Query 木工顶切钳 / carpenter end nippers is this family.
dead-blow hammer
无回弹锤
Shop45 true base. Query 无回弹锤 / dead-blow hammer is this family.
brass hammer
黄铜锤
Shop45 true base. Query 黄铜锤 / brass hammer is this family.
rawhide mallet
生皮锤
Shop45 true base. Query 生皮锤 / rawhide mallet is this family.
engineers hammer
钳工锤
Shop45 true base. Query 钳工锤 / engineers hammer is this family.
brick hammer
砌砖锤
Shop45 true base. Query 砌砖锤 / brick hammer is this family.
scaling hammer
除锈锤
Shop45 true base. Query 除锈锤 / scaling hammer is this family.
nail set
钉冲
Shop45 true base. Query 钉冲 / nail set is this family.
automatic center punch
自动中心冲
Shop45 true base. Query 自动中心冲 / automatic center punch is this family.
Try: A automatic center punch 12 mm diameter and 80 mm long.
transfer punch
转印冲
Shop45 true base. Query 转印冲 / transfer punch is this family.
letter stamp
钢印冲头
Shop45 true base. Query 钢印冲头 / letter stamp is this family.
round file
圆锉
Shop45 true base. Query 圆锉 / round file is this family.
half-round file
半圆锉
Shop45 true base. Query 半圆锉 / half-round file is this family.
triangular file
三角锉
Shop45 true base. Query 三角锉 / triangular file is this family.
wood rasp
木工粗锉
Shop45 true base. Query 木工粗锉 / wood rasp is this family.
needle file
什锦锉
Shop45 true base. Query 什锦锉 / needle file is this family.
oilstone
油石
Shop45 true base. Query 油石 / oilstone is this family.
diamond file
金刚石锉
Shop45 true base. Query 金刚石锉 / diamond file is this family.
wood chisel
木工凿
Shop45 true base. Query 木工凿 / wood chisel is this family.
round-nose chisel
圆头凿
Shop45 true base. Query 圆头凿 / round-nose chisel is this family.
diamond-point chisel
菱头凿
Shop45 true base. Query 菱头凿 / diamond-point chisel is this family.
fly cutter
飞刀杆
Shop45 true base. Query 飞刀杆 / fly cutter is this family.
boring bar
镗刀杆
Shop45 true base. Query 镗刀杆 / boring bar is this family.
parting tool
切断刀
Shop45 true base. Query 切断刀 / parting tool is this family.
knurling tool
滚花刀
Shop45 true base. Query 滚花刀 / knurling tool is this family.
threading toolbit
螺纹车刀
Shop45 true base. Query 螺纹车刀 / threading toolbit is this family.
router bit
修边刀
Shop45 true base. Query 修边刀 / router bit is this family.
hole-saw arbor
开孔器接杆
Shop45 true base. Query 开孔器接杆 / hole-saw arbor is this family.
junior hacksaw
小钢锯
Shop45 true base. Query 小钢锯 / junior hacksaw is this family.
coping saw
线锯架
Shop45 true base. Query 线锯架 / coping saw is this family.
circular saw blade
圆锯片
Shop45 true base. Query 圆锯片 / circular saw blade is this family.
bandsaw blade loop · closed bandsaw loop
带锯条圈
Shop45 true base. Query 带锯条圈 / bandsaw blade loop is this family.
cutting disc
切割片
Shop45 true base. Query 切割片 / cutting disc is this family.
wire wheel
钢丝轮
Shop45 true base. Query 钢丝轮 / wire wheel is this family.
flap disc
百叶片
Shop45 true base. Query 百叶片 / flap disc is this family.
engraving cutter · V-point engraving cutter
雕刻铣刀
Shop45 true base. Query 雕刻铣刀 / engraving cutter is this family.
forming tap · roll tap
挤压丝锥
Shop45 true base. Query 挤压丝锥 / forming tap is this family.
bottoming tap
底孔丝锥
Shop45 true base. Query 底孔丝锥 / bottoming tap is this family.
NPT pipe tap
管螺纹丝锥
Shop45 true base. Query 管螺纹丝锥 / NPT pipe tap is this family.
adjustable reamer
可调铰刀
Shop45 true base. Query 可调铰刀 / adjustable reamer is this family.
keyseat cutter · woodruff keyseat cutter
键槽铣刀
Shop45 true base. Query 键槽铣刀 / keyseat cutter is this family.
vernier caliper
游标卡尺
Shop45 true base. Query 游标卡尺 / vernier caliper is this family.
dial indicator
百分表
Shop45 true base. Query 百分表 / dial indicator is this family.
height gauge
高度尺
Shop45 true base. Query 高度尺 / height gauge is this family.
bevel protractor
万能角尺
Shop45 true base. Query 万能角尺 / bevel protractor is this family.
marking gauge
画线规
Shop45 true base. Query 画线规 / marking gauge is this family.
surface gauge
划针盘
Shop45 true base. Query 划针盘 / surface gauge is this family.
bore gauge
内径量表
Shop45 true base. Query 内径量表 / bore gauge is this family.
depth micrometer
深度千分尺
Shop45 true base. Query 深度千分尺 / depth micrometer is this family.
telescoping gauge
内径卡钳
Shop45 true base. Query 内径卡钳 / telescoping gauge is this family.
speed square
三角角尺
Shop45 true base. Query 三角角尺 / speed square is this family.
sash clamp
长杆夹
Shop45 true base. Query 长杆夹 / sash clamp is this family.
pipe clamp
管子夹
Shop45 true base. Query 管子夹 / pipe clamp is this family.
toggle clamp
肘节夹
Shop45 true base. Query 肘节夹 / toggle clamp is this family.
hand-screw clamp
木工平行夹
Shop45 true base. Query 木工平行夹 / hand-screw clamp is this family.
woodworking vise · woodworker's vise
木工台钳
Shop45 true base. Query 木工台钳 / woodworking vise is this family.
drill-press vise
钻床台钳
Shop45 true base. Query 钻床台钳 / drill-press vise is this family.
welding clamp
焊接C夹
Shop45 true base. Query 焊接C夹 / welding clamp is this family.
magnetic base
磁力表座
Shop45 true base. Query 磁力表座 / magnetic base is this family.
granite surface plate
花岗石平台 · 检验平台
Shop45 true base. Query 花岗石平台 / granite surface plate is this family.
Try: A granite surface plate 80 mm wide 80 mm deep 12 mm thick.
parallels pair
平行垫铁
Shop45 true base. Query 平行垫铁 / parallels pair is this family.
pipe vise
管虎钳
Shop46 true base. Query 管虎钳 / pipe vise is this family.
jack stand
千斤顶支架
Shop46 true base. Query 千斤顶支架 / jack stand is this family.
scissor jack
剪刀千斤顶
Shop46 true base. Query 剪刀千斤顶 / scissor jack is this family.
gauge block
量块
Shop46 true base. Query 量块 / gauge block is this family.
chassis punch
底盘冲孔器
Shop46 true base. Query 底盘冲孔器 / chassis punch is this family.
gasket punch
垫片冲
Shop46 true base. Query 垫片冲 / gasket punch is this family.
gear puller · three-jaw puller body
拉马
Shop46 true base. Query 拉马 / gear puller is this family.
slide hammer
滑锤
Shop46 true base. Query 滑锤 / slide hammer is this family.
arbor press
心轴压床
Shop46 true base. Query 心轴压床 / arbor press is this family.
flaring tool
扩口工具
Shop46 true base. Query 扩口工具 / flaring tool is this family.
tube bender
弯管器
Shop46 true base. Query 弯管器 / tube bender is this family.
steady rest
跟刀架
Shop46 true base. Query 跟刀架 / steady rest is this family.
tool post
刀架
Shop46 true base. Query 刀架 / tool post is this family.
keyway broach
键槽拉刀
Shop46 true base. Query 键槽拉刀 / keyway broach is this family.
rotary burr
旋转锉刀
Shop46 true base. Query 旋转锉刀 / rotary burr is this family.
corner-rounding cutter
圆角铣刀
Shop46 true base. Query 圆角铣刀 / corner-rounding cutter is this family.
Try: A corner-rounding cutter 16 mm diameter and 50 mm long.
gun drill
深孔钻
Shop46 true base. Query 深孔钻 / gun drill is this family.
keyless chuck
快换钻夹头
Shop46 true base. Query 快换钻夹头 / keyless chuck is this family.
wheel chock
车轮挡块
Shop46 true base. Query 车轮挡块 / wheel chock is this family.
inspection mirror
检查镜
Shop46 true base. Query 检查镜 / inspection mirror is this family.
offset boring head
偏心镗头
Shop47 true base. Query 偏心镗头 / offset boring head is this family.
follower rest
随动刀架
Shop47 true base. Query 随动刀架 / follower rest is this family.
five-C collet · 5C collet
5C弹簧夹头
Shop47 true base. Query 5C弹簧夹头 / five-C collet is this family.
retention knob
拉钉
Shop47 true base. Query 拉钉 / retention knob is this family.
mill vise
铣床虎钳
Shop47 true base. Query 铣床虎钳 / mill vise is this family.
sine vise
正弦虎钳
Shop47 true base. Query 正弦虎钳 / sine vise is this family.
edge clamp
边压板
Shop47 true base. Query 边压板 / edge clamp is this family.
swing clamp
摆臂压板
Shop47 true base. Query 摆臂压板 / swing clamp is this family.
gooseneck clamp
鹅颈压板
Shop47 true base. Query 鹅颈压板 / gooseneck clamp is this family.
magnetic chuck
磁力吸盘
Shop47 true base. Query 磁力吸盘 / magnetic chuck is this family.
sine plate
正弦台
Shop47 true base. Query 正弦台 / sine plate is this family.
machinist straight edge
校验平尺
Shop47 true base. Query 校验平尺 / machinist straight edge is this family.
fillet-radius leaf gauge · fillet radius leaf set
圆角样板
Shop47 true base. Query 圆角样板 / fillet-radius leaf gauge is this family.
drill gauge plate
钻头规
Shop47 true base. Query 钻头规 / drill gauge plate is this family.
taper-shank drift
锥柄斜铁
Shop47 true base. Query 锥柄斜铁 / taper-shank drift is this family.
chamfer mill
倒角铣刀
Shop47 true base. Query 倒角铣刀 / chamfer mill is this family.
bull-nose end mill
圆鼻立铣刀
Shop47 true base. Query 圆鼻立铣刀 / bull-nose end mill is this family.
diamond core bit
金刚石取芯钻
Shop47 true base. Query 金刚石取芯钻 / diamond core bit is this family.
pop riveter
抽芯铆钉枪
Shop47 true base. Query 抽芯铆钉枪 / pop riveter is this family.
bench block
研板钻模
Shop47 true base. Query 研板钻模 / bench block is this family.
Spur gears only (straight teeth). V-belt and timing pulleys, sheaves, sprockets, racks, and single coupling hubs.
spur gear · gear · pinion · cog · cogwheel · toothed wheel · straight-tooth gear · straight tooth gear · involute gear
齿轮 · 直齿轮 · 圆柱齿轮 · 小齿轮 · 正齿轮 · 直齿圆柱齿轮
ISO 53 full-depth 20° spur gear. Helical/bevel/worm stay out of scope.
Try: Spur gear, 20 teeth, module 2 mm, height 10 mm, bore 8 mm.
v-belt pulley · v belt pulley
V带轮 · 三角带轮
Single-groove V-belt pulley: V groove + hub + bore. Groove is V, not rectangular, not gear teeth. Not gear, not tube, not sprocket. Timing / multi-rib pulleys stay out of scope. A flywheel / 飞轮 is flywheel (thick rim + thin web, no V-groove). A V-belt pulley stays this family.
Try: A V-belt pulley 80 mm diameter, 20 mm bore, 16 mm wide.
sprocket · chain sprocket · ISO 606
链轮 · 链条链轮
ISO 606-style sprocket: chain-tooth profile, not involute spur teeth. Not gear, not v_belt_pulley.
gear rack · rack and pinion rack · linear rack
齿条 · 齿轮齿条
Straight gear rack: rectangular bar + involute teeth on one face. Not plate, not gear, not i_beam.
internal gear · ring gear · annulus gear
内齿轮 · 齿圈 · 内啮合齿轮
Internal spur gear: ring + internal involute teeth, smooth OD. Not an external gear, not a tube, not a sprocket.
timing pulley · timing belt pulley · toothed belt pulley · toothed pulley · GT2 pulley · HTD pulley
同步带轮
Trapezoid GT2/HTD-style teeth plus hub and bore. Not a spur gear, V-belt pulley, or sprocket. Bare pulley / 滑轮 stay out of scope. Multi-rib pulleys stay out of scope.
jaw coupling · jaw coupling hub · lovejoy hub
爪型联轴节 · 爪式联轴器 · 爪型联轴器半体
Block jaws plus a center bore. Not a gear or sprocket. Coupling spiders / complete jaw couplings stay out of scope. A pin-bush coupling / 柱销联轴器 is pin_bush_coupling.
muff coupling · sleeve coupling
套筒联轴器
Long thick sleeve plus two radial set holes. Longer than a shaft collar. Not a tube or coupling nut.
oldham hub
十字滑块联轴毂 · 十字滑块毂
One diametral driving rib + hub + bore. Not jaws, not teeth. Full Oldham sets stay out of scope.
flanged coupling · flange coupling · DIN 116
法兰联轴器 · 凸缘联轴器
DIN 116 simplified half: hub + flange + bolt circle + bore. Not jaw/muff coupling, not a hubless plate flange. Elastomeric spiders stay out of scope. A pin-bush coupling / 柱销联轴器 is pin_bush_coupling.
eccentric · eccentric disc · eccentric cam disc
偏心轮 · 偏心盘
Disc with an offset bore. Not a gear, V-belt pulley, concentric cylinder, or cam profile. Cam / plate cam / 凸轮 stay out of scope.
rope sheave · grooved sheave
绳轮 · 滑车轮
U-groove rim + hub + bore. Not v_belt_pulley, timing_pulley, or handwheel. Bare pulley / 滑轮 stay out of scope. A snatch block / 开口滑车 is snatch_block. 卷筒 stays cable_drum.
flat belt pulley
平带轮 · 平皮带轮
Near-flat rim, no V, no teeth + hub + bore. Not v_belt_pulley, timing_pulley, or gear. Bare pulley / 滑轮 stay out of scope.
step pulley · stepped V-belt pulley · cone step pulley
塔轮 · 分级V带轮
Three discrete V-grooves of increasing diameter. Not v_belt_pulley (one groove), timing_pulley, flat_belt_pulley, or rope_sheave. Multi-rib / 多楔带轮 stay OOS. Bare pulley / 滑轮 stay OOS.
sector gear · gear sector · spur sector
扇形齿轮 · 不完全齿轮
~90° of spur teeth, same tooth form as gear. Not gear (full 360°) or gear_rack (straight). Helical/bevel/worm stay refused. Bare gear stays gear.
ratchet wheel · ratchet gear · saw tooth ratchet
棘轮 · 棘齿轮
Unsymmetric saw-tooth rim + hub/bore. Not a spur gear (symmetric involute). Not a cam (OOS). 棘轮拉紧器 stays ratchet_binder. A webbing ratchet is webbing_ratchet; a ratchet pawl / 棘爪 is ratchet_pawl.
beam coupling · helical coupling · helical beam coupling
螺旋梁联轴器 · 螺旋切口联轴器
Helical-beam flexible coupling: cylinder with helical SLOTS plus bore(s). Occupancy versus muff coupling, jaw coupling, Oldham hub, and flanged coupling. Do not steal muff coupling / sleeve coupling / 套筒联轴器 / jaw coupling. This is NOT a helical GEAR. Coupling spider / full Oldham stay OOS.
clamp coupling · one-piece clamp coupling · clamp shaft coupling
夹紧联轴器
One-piece clamp shaft coupling: thick sleeve plus axial slit plus fused clamp-screw bosses. Occupancy versus muff coupling, split collar, and shaft collar. Do not steal muff coupling / split collar / shaft collar / 套筒联轴器.
Geneva wheel · Maltese cross · Geneva driven wheel
槽轮 · 日内瓦轮
Maltese-cross / Geneva driven wheel: disk with radial SLOTS plus locking arc(s). Occupancy versus ratchet wheel, spur gear, and eccentric. MUST NOT use cam / plate cam / 凸轮. Do not steal ratchet / 棘轮 / gear / 齿轮.
chain coupling · roller chain coupling
链条联轴器
Chain-type shaft coupling: two sprocket-like hubs facing each other plus bores. Occupancy versus sprocket (one wheel). Do not steal sprocket / 链轮 / muff coupling / 套筒联轴器 / coupling (bare).
disc coupling · metallic disc coupling · membrane disc coupling
金属膜片联轴器 · 膜片盘联轴器
Metallic disc coupling: two hubs plus a thin flex disc with a bolt circle. Occupancy versus beam_coupling (helical slots, no flat disc). Do not add 膜片联轴器 or coupling spider / 弹性星形垫. Not a helical gear. Bellows coupling / 金属波纹管联轴器 is bellows_coupling.
gear coupling · toothed coupling · hub gear coupling
齿轮联轴器 · 齿式联轴器
Two toothed hubs plus a surrounding sleeve. Occupancy versus muff_coupling (smooth) and gear (one wheel). Query 齿轮 stays gear; 链轮 stays sprocket. Bare coupling stays off.
grid coupling · Falk coupling · serpentine grid coupling
蛇簧联轴器 · 网格联轴器
Two hubs with axial slots plus a serpentine grid wrap. Occupancy versus muff_coupling. Bare coupling stays off. Coupling spiders stay out.
UJ yoke · universal joint yoke · Hooke yoke
万向节叉 · 十字轴叉
One universal-joint fork: hub plus two ears with pin holes. Occupancy versus muff_coupling. Query 万向节 stays unmatched (assembly). Do not add a complete U-joint. 万向节十字轴 stays uj_cross.
spline shaft · external spline shaft · involute spline shaft
花键轴 · 外花键轴
Round bar with external splines. Occupancy versus keyed_shaft (one keyway) and d_shaft (one flat). Query 轴 stays cylinder; 键槽轴 stays keyed_shaft. NOT a gear. Polygon shaft / 三边形轴 is polygon_shaft.
tire coupling · tyre coupling · rubber tire coupling
轮胎联轴器 · 轮胎式联轴器
Two hubs plus a torus tire. Occupancy versus jaw_coupling and disc_coupling. NOT a coupling spider (OOS). Query 爪式联轴器 stays jaw_coupling. Bare 联轴器 stays off.
bellows coupling · metal bellows coupling
金属波纹管联轴器 · 波纹管联轴器
Two hubs plus a multi-convolution bellows tube. Query 金属波纹管联轴器 is this family; 波纹补偿器 stays expansion_bellows; 金属膜片联轴器 stays disc_coupling. Do not emit coupling / 联轴器 / coupling spider.
polygon shaft · P3G shaft · triangular polygon shaft
三边形轴 · 多边形轴
Rounded triangular P3G prism. Not a gear and not a spline. Query 三边形轴 is this family; 花键轴 stays spline_shaft; 六角棒 stays hex_prism; 轴 stays cylinder.
pin bush coupling · pin-and-bush coupling · pin coupling
柱销联轴器 · 弹性柱销联轴器
Two hubs with protruding pins between them. Query 柱销联轴器 is this family; 法兰联轴器 stays flanged_coupling; 爪型联轴器 stays jaw_coupling. Do not emit a coupling spider.
locking assembly · keyless bushing · shrink disc hub
胀套 · 免键胀套
Keyless locking assembly: two tapered rings plus bolt bosses, no Taper-Lock slit. Query 胀套 is this family; 锥套 stays taper_lock_bushing; 衬套 stays tube. QD衬套 stays qd_bushing. 收缩盘 stays shrink_disc.
flywheel · inertia flywheel · solid flywheel
飞轮 · 惯性飞轮
Solid flywheel: thick rim plus thin web plus hub, no teeth, no V-groove. Query 飞轮 is this family; 滑轮 stays out of scope; 齿轮 stays gear; 法兰盘 stays plate-flange. 卷筒 stays cable_drum. A brake drum is brake_drum.
brake disc · brake rotor · hat brake disc
制动盘 · 刹车盘
Brake disc: hat plus a thin annular disc plus a bolt circle, no heavy flywheel rim. Query 制动盘 / 刹车盘 is this family; 法兰盘 stays plate-flange; 飞轮 stays flywheel. A brake drum / 制动鼓 is brake_drum.
ball screw · ballscrew · ball screw shaft
滚珠丝杠
Screw shaft with gothic/U raceway rings and no balls. Query 滚珠丝杠 is this family; 螺杆 stays threaded_rod; 梯形丝杠 stays acme_rod. NEVER 轴承. 梯形螺母 stays leadscrew_nut. A ball nut / 滚珠螺母 is ball_nut.
QD bushing · QD bush · quick disconnect bushing
QD衬套 · 免键衬套
Large flange plus taper plus split, no keyway. Query QD衬套 / 免键衬套 is this family; 锥套 stays taper_lock_bushing; 胀套 / 免键胀套 stay locking_assembly. 收缩盘 stays shrink_disc.
UJ cross · universal joint cross · U-joint spider · cardan cross
万向节十字轴
Four-journal spider. Query 万向节十字轴 is this family; 万向节叉 stays uj_yoke. Do not emit a complete 万向节. 十字钢 stays cruciform_bar.
shrink disc · shrink disk · external shrink disc
收缩盘
External three-ring clamp. Query 收缩盘 is this family; shrink disc hub / 胀套 / 免键胀套 stay locking_assembly; 锥套 stays taper_lock_bushing; QD衬套 stays qd_bushing.
cable drum · winch drum · wire rope drum
卷筒 · 钢丝绳卷筒
Wide barrel plus two flanges, no sheave groove. Query 卷筒 is this family; 绳轮 stays rope_sheave; 飞轮 stays flywheel. NEVER 滑轮. A brake drum is brake_drum.
leadscrew nut · lead screw nut · acme nut · trapezoidal nut
梯形螺母 · 丝杠螺母
Trapezoidal INTERNAL thread (the trapezoid is the hole). Query 梯形螺母 is this family; 六角螺母 stays hex_nut; 梯形丝杠 stays acme_rod; 滚珠丝杠 stays ball_screw. A ball nut / 滚珠螺母 is ball_nut.
ball nut · ball screw nut · ballscrew nut
滚珠螺母
Recirculation bulge on the OD plus a gothic INTERNAL race (the race IS the hole). Query 滚珠螺母 is this family; 六角螺母 stays hex_nut; 梯形螺母 / 丝杠螺母 stay leadscrew_nut; 滚珠丝杠 stays ball_screw. NEVER 轴承.
ratchet pawl · pawl · ratchet click
棘爪 · 棘轮棘爪
Pivoted tooth that engages a ratchet. Query 棘爪 is this family; 棘轮 stays ratchet_wheel; 棘轮拉紧器 stays ratchet_binder. NEVER cam / 凸轮.
brake drum · drum brake
制动鼓 · 刹车鼓
Open cup with a cylindrical inner friction face, not a hat disc. Query 制动鼓 is this family; 制动盘 / 刹车盘 stay brake_disc; 飞轮 stays flywheel; 卷筒 stays cable_drum. NEVER 滑轮.
clutch disc · clutch driven disc
离合器从动盘
Thin disc + 6-tooth spline bore + friction rim step. Query 离合器从动盘 is this family; 制动盘 stays brake_disc; 飞轮 stays flywheel; 离合器压盘 stays pressure_plate. NEVER bearing.
pressure plate · clutch pressure plate
离合器压盘
Thick ring + three spring-seat lugs + bore. Query 离合器压盘 is this family; 离合器从动盘 stays clutch_disc; 制动鼓 stays brake_drum. No cam in names.
roller screw · planetary roller screw
滚柱丝杠
Coarse external helix + journals. Query 滚柱丝杠 is this family; 滚珠丝杠 stays ball_screw; 梯形丝杠 stays acme_rod; 全牙螺杆 stays threaded_rod; 滚珠螺母 stays ball_nut. NEVER bearing.
ball-joint stud · ball joint stud
球头销
Ball + taper neck + threaded shank. Query 球头销 is this family; 弹簧柱塞 stays ball_plunger; 六角螺栓 stays hex_bolt. NEVER bearing.
roller chain link · inner chain link
滚子链节
Two inner plates + two bushings. Query 滚子链节 is this family; 链轮 stays sprocket; 链条联轴器 stays chain_coupling.
internal spline hub · involute spline hub
内花键套
Outer cylinder + internal spline. Query 内花键套 is this family; NEVER involute spline shaft / 花键轴 (spline_shaft). Occupancy: hollow toothed vs spline_shaft solid external.
dog clutch · square dog clutch
牙嵌离合器
Disc + 4 square dogs + bore. Query 牙嵌离合器 is this family; 爪型联轴节 stays jaw_coupling. NEVER bearing. No cam.
brake shoe · internal brake shoe
制动蹄
Crescent lining pad + web + pivot hole. Query 制动蹄 is this family; 制动盘 stays brake_disc; NEVER 滑轮.
chain master link · roller chain master link
链条接头
Two outer plates + clip/cotter side. Query 链条接头 is this family; 滚子链节 stays roller_chain_link.
offset chain link · cranked chain link
链条偏心节
Cranked plates (offset). Query 链条偏心节 is this family; 滚子链节 stays roller_chain_link.
roller nut · roller screw nut
滚柱螺母
Short nut with coarse external roller grooves, tap through. Query 滚柱螺母 is this family; 滚珠螺母 stays ball_nut; NEVER bearing; NEVER lock nut.
connecting rod · engine connecting rod
连杆
Two eyes of different OD + I-section shank. Query 连杆 is this family; NEVER cam.
cone clutch
锥形离合器
Shop44 true base. Query 锥形离合器 / cone clutch is this family.
brake pad
刹车片
Shop44 true base. Query 刹车片 / brake pad is this family.
duplex chain sprocket
双排链轮
Shop44 true base. Query 双排链轮 / duplex chain sprocket is this family.
piston
活塞
Shop44 true base. Query 活塞 / piston is this family.
scotch yoke
滑块导槽
Shop44 true base. Query 滑块导槽 / scotch yoke is this family.
triplex sprocket
三排链轮
Shop46 true base. Query 三排链轮 / triplex sprocket is this family.
idler sprocket
惰轮链轮
Shop46 true base. Query 惰轮链轮 / idler sprocket is this family.
poly-V belt pulley · PK ribbed pulley
多楔皮带轮盘
Shop46 true base. Query 多楔皮带轮盘 / poly-V belt pulley is this family.
conveyor roller
输送辊筒
Shop46 true base. Query 输送辊筒 / conveyor roller is this family.
quadruple sprocket
四排链轮
Shop47 true base. Query 四排链轮 / quadruple sprocket is this family.
silent-chain sprocket
齿形链轮
Shop47 true base. Query 齿形链轮 / silent-chain sprocket is this family.
rigid sleeve coupling · rigid sleeve shaft coupling
刚性套筒联轴器
Shop47 true base. Query 刚性套筒联轴器 / rigid sleeve coupling is this family.
flexplate
齿圈盘
Shop47 true base. Query 齿圈盘 / flexplate is this family.
Compression, extension, and torsion springs, plus extruded heatsinks.
spring · coil spring · compression spring
弹簧 · 螺旋弹簧 · 压簧
Open compression coil: circular wire on a helix. Torsion and extension hook springs stay out of scope. Volute spring / 蜗卷弹簧 is volute_spring. A barrel spring / 腰鼓弹簧 is barrel_spring; a conical compression spring / 圆锥螺旋弹簧 is conical_spring. An hourglass / 葫芦弹簧 is hourglass_spring; a garter / 环箍弹簧 is garter_spring.
Try: A compression spring 20 mm outer diameter, 2 mm wire, 40 mm long, 6 coils.
extension spring · tension spring · DIN 2097
拉簧
DIN 2097 extension spring: close-wound coil + hooks at both ends. Not coil_spring (open compression), not torsion_spring.
Try: An extension spring 20 mm outer diameter, 2 mm wire, 40 mm long, 12 coils.
torsion spring
扭簧
Torsion spring: helix + two straight tangential legs. Not coil_spring, not hex_key, not extension_spring.
Try: A torsion spring 20 mm outer diameter, 2 mm wire, 20 mm long, 6 coils.
heatsink · heat sink · cooling fin
挤出散热片 · 散热片
Extruded heatsink: base plate + parallel straight fins. Not a single plate, not a box, not an I-beam. Pin-fin / round-fin heatsinks stay out of scope.
die spring · rectangular wire spring · rectangular wire compression spring
矩形弹簧 · 模具弹簧
Rectangular-wire compression spring (ISO 10243 / JIS B 5012): RECTANGULAR section on a helix. Occupancy versus coil spring (ROUND wire — probe a rectangular corner that round wire would miss), extension spring, and disc spring. Do not steal spring / coil spring / compression spring / 弹簧 / 螺旋弹簧 / 压簧. Bare 弹簧 stays coil_spring.
Try: A die spring 20 mm outer diameter 2 mm wire 40 mm high 6 coils.
gas spring · gas strut · gas shock
气弹簧 · 气撑杆
Gas strut as one solid: closed cylinder body plus a rod plus two end eyes. No balls. Occupancy versus coil_spring (open helix). Query 气弹簧 is this family; query 弹簧 stays coil_spring. Do not steal coil spring / 弹簧 / 压簧 / die spring.
leaf spring · laminated spring
钢板弹簧 · 叶片弹簧
Laminated leaf spring: main leaf with two eyes plus shorter stacked leaves. Occupancy versus plate (no eyes, no stack). Query 钢板弹簧 is this family; query 钢板 stays plate; query 弹簧 stays coil_spring. Do not add 钢板, 弹簧, or 垫圈.
constant force spring · clock spring · power spring
发条弹簧 · 恒力弹簧
Spiral strip wound in a disc, not a helical coil. Occupancy versus coil_spring and torsion_spring. Query 弹簧 stays coil_spring; 扭簧 stays torsion_spring.
wave spring · crest-to-crest wave spring · Smalley wave spring
波形弹簧 · 波形圈弹簧
Stacked wavy turns, taller than a single wave washer. Occupancy versus wave_washer (one wave ring). Query 波形垫圈 / wave spring washer stays wave_washer. Query 弹簧 stays coil_spring.
volute spring · conical volute spring
蜗卷弹簧 · 塔形蜗卷簧
Conical volute: stacked overlapping rectangular-strip turns of growing radius. Query 蜗卷弹簧 is this family; 弹簧 stays coil_spring; 发条弹簧 stays constant_force_spring; 碟簧 stays disc_spring. A conical compression spring / 圆锥螺旋弹簧 is conical_spring.
barrel spring · convex spring · barrel compression spring
腰鼓弹簧 · 鼓形弹簧
Convex coil whose mid-height OD is larger than the ends. Query 腰鼓弹簧 is this family; 弹簧 stays coil_spring. An hourglass / 葫芦弹簧 is hourglass_spring (concave mid OD).
conical spring · conical compression spring · tapered coil spring
圆锥螺旋弹簧 · 锥形压簧
Round-wire conical coil of decreasing OD. Query 圆锥螺旋弹簧 is this family; 弹簧 stays coil_spring; 蜗卷弹簧 stays volute_spring. Do not steal conical volute spring.
hourglass spring · concave spring
葫芦弹簧 · 凹形弹簧
Concave hourglass coil: mid-height OD smaller than the ends. Query 葫芦弹簧 is this family; 腰鼓弹簧 stays barrel_spring; 弹簧 / 螺旋弹簧 stay coil_spring; 圆锥螺旋弹簧 stays conical_spring.
garter spring · coil garter
环箍弹簧 · 圆环螺旋弹簧
Garter spring: a closed ring of close-coiled round wire, not a solid O-ring. Query 环箍弹簧 is this family; 弹簧 stays coil_spring; 密封圈 stays out of scope; O-ring stays o_ring; 卡簧 stays circlip.
torsion bar · torsion bar spring
扭力杆
Long round bar, one end flats/splines. Query 扭力杆 is this family; 扭簧 stays torsion_spring; 弹簧 stays coil_spring; 轴 stays cylinder. NEVER bare 弹簧.
air spring · air-spring bellows
气囊弹簧
Bellows torus stack + two end plates. Query 气囊弹簧 is this family; NEVER bare 弹簧 — that stays coil_spring; NEVER 发条弹簧.
rubber bumper
橡胶缓冲块
Shop44 true base. Query 橡胶缓冲块 / rubber bumper is this family.
slotted disc spring
开槽碟簧
Shop44 true base. Query 开槽碟簧 / slotted disc spring is this family.
variable-pitch spring
变节距弹簧
Shop44 true base. Query 变节距弹簧 / variable-pitch spring is this family.
valve spring
气门弹簧
Shop46 true base. Query 气门弹簧 / valve spring is this family.
double-torsion spring
双扭簧
Shop46 true base. Query 双扭簧 / double-torsion spring is this family.
canted-coil spring
斜圈弹簧
Shop47 true base. Query 斜圈弹簧 / canted-coil spring is this family.
drawbar spring
牵引钩弹簧
Shop47 true base. Query 牵引钩弹簧 / drawbar spring is this family.
These names do not compile. Cad Bot will not map them onto a nearby solid. Closest in-scope cousins are in the reason line.
machine screw · slotted machine screw · phillips machine screw · phillips head screw · phillips screw · phillips round head · phillips round head screw · pozidriv screw · 机螺丝 · 十字槽螺丝 · 十字槽木螺丝 · phillips wood screw · phillips countersunk · phillips countersunk screw · 十字槽沉头 · 十字槽沉头螺丝 · 半圆头十字槽 · 十字槽半圆头 · 半圆头十字槽螺丝 · 梅花槽螺丝 · phillips shoulder screw · 十字槽轴肩螺丝 · phillips self tapping · phillips self tapping screw · 十字槽自攻 · 十字槽自攻螺丝
No Phillips or Pozidriv machine-screw drive. A slotted pan-head is in-scope as pan-head; a slotted cheese-head is in-scope as cheese-head; a slotted countersunk is in-scope as slotted-countersunk; a slotted round-head is in-scope as round-head; a hex-head bolt is in-scope as hex-bolt; a socket-head cap screw is in-scope as socket-head; a button-head is in-scope as button-head; a countersunk socket-head is in-scope as countersunk-head; a carriage bolt is in-scope as carriage-bolt; a set screw is in-scope as set-screw; a shoulder screw is in-scope as shoulder-screw; a hex lag screw is in-scope as lag-screw; a slotted self-tapping screw is in-scope as self-tapping-screw; Phillips / Pozidriv self-tapping stays out.
lock nut · nyloc nut · nylon nut · nylon lock nut · prevailing torque nut · 防松螺母 · 尼龙螺母 · 锁紧螺母 · 尼龙锁紧螺母
No nyloc or lock-nut body. A plain hex nut is in-scope as hex-nut; a flange nut is in-scope as flange-nut; a cap nut is in-scope as cap-nut; a wing nut is in-scope as wing-nut; an eye nut is in-scope as eye-nut; a coupling nut is in-scope as coupling-nut; a castle nut is in-scope as castle-nut; a square nut is in-scope as square-nut; a knurled nut is in-scope as knurled-nut.
gasket · oil seal · 密封圈 · 橡胶圈 · 油封 · 密封垫
No gaskets or oil seals. An O-ring is in-scope as o-ring; a rigid washer is in-scope as washer.
bearing · ball bearing · roller bearing · pillow block · bearing housing · 轴承 · 滚珠轴承 · 滚针轴承 · 带座轴承 · 轴承座
No rolling-element bearings or pillow blocks.
hinge · butt hinge · piano hinge · 铰链 · 合页 · 铰接件
A hinge is an assembly, not one solid.
lock washer · serrated washer · 锁紧垫圈
No serrated lock washers. A plain washer is in-scope as washer; a DIN 127 spring washer is in-scope as spring-washer; a DIN 6797 A external toothed washer is in-scope as toothed-washer; a DIN 6797 J internal toothed washer is in-scope as internal-tooth-washer.
pulley · 滑轮
Bare pulley / 滑轮 is ambiguous with a V-belt pulley. A single-groove V-belt pulley is in-scope as v-belt-pulley; a trapezoid timing pulley is in-scope as timing-pulley.
tangential key · 切向键
Tangential keys stay out of scope. A woodruff half-moon is in-scope as woodruff-key; a square-ended parallel key is in-scope as parallel-key; a gib-head key is in-scope as gib-head-key; a round-end key is in-scope as round-end-key.
pop rivet · blind rivet · 抽芯铆钉
No pop / blind rivets. A solid rivet is in-scope as solid-rivet; bare rivet maps there.
cam · plate cam · disc cam · 凸轮 · 盘形凸轮
No cam profiles. An eccentric disc with an offset bore is in-scope as eccentric.
gearbox · gear box · gear train · 齿轮箱 · 变速箱 · 减速箱
Assemblies / internal gear trains are out of scope.
pin-fin heatsink · pin fin heatsink · 针状散热器 · 圆形翅片散热器
No pin-fin or round-fin arrays. An extruded straight-fin heatsink is in-scope as heatsink.
multi-rib pulley · 多楔带轮
No multi-rib pulleys. A trapezoid timing pulley is in-scope as timing-pulley; a single V-groove pulley is in-scope as v-belt-pulley.
45 elbow · 45° elbow · 45 degree elbow · 45-degree elbow · 45度弯头 · 45° 弯头 · 45°弯头
No 45° elbows. A 90° pipe elbow is in-scope as pipe-elbow. A 45° lateral / pipe wye is in-scope as pipe-wye.
helicoil · heli-coil · wire thread insert · coil insert · 钢丝螺套
No wire thread inserts. A knurled threaded insert is in-scope as threaded-insert.
coupling spider · jaw coupling spider · elastomeric spider · 弹性星形垫 · 星形弹性垫
No elastomeric spiders or complete jaw-coupling assemblies. A jaw coupling half is in-scope as jaw-coupling.
solid handwheel · disc handwheel · solid disc handwheel · 实心手轮
No solid-disc handwheels. A spoked handwheel is in-scope as handwheel.
oldham coupling · oldham disc · oldham spider · 滑块垫 · 十字滑块联轴器
No complete Oldham couplings or floating discs. An Oldham hub with one driving rib is in-scope as oldham-hub.
When you type a prompt, Cad Bot matches the longest catalog name in the sentence. Equal-length matches prefer a refused name over an in-scope one, so “lock nut” is not silently turned into a jam nut. Generate from the text to CAD page; this list is the honest scope.